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Geometrical Optimization of Pelton Turbine Buckets for Enhancing Overall Efficiency by Using a Parametric Model—A Case Study: Hydroelectric Power Plant “Illuchi N2” from Ecuador

Author

Listed:
  • Jose Erazo

    (Laboratorio de Mecánica Informática, Escuela Politécnica Nacional (EPN), Quito 170517, Ecuador)

  • Guillermo Barragan

    (Laboratorio de Mecánica Informática, Escuela Politécnica Nacional (EPN), Quito 170517, Ecuador)

  • Modesto Pérez-Sánchez

    (Hydraulic and Environmental Engineering Department, Universitat Politècnica de València, 46022 Valencia, Spain)

  • Clotario Tapia

    (Facultad de Ingeniería en Mecánica y Ciencias de la Producción, Escuela Superior Politécnica del Litoral (ESPOL), Guayaquil P.O. Box 09-01-5863, Ecuador)

  • Marco Calahorrano

    (Departamento de Matemáticas, Escuela Politécnica Nacional (EPN), Quito 170517, Ecuador)

  • Victor Hidalgo

    (Laboratorio de Mecánica Informática, Escuela Politécnica Nacional (EPN), Quito 170517, Ecuador
    Departamento de Ingeniería Mecánica, Escuela Politécnica Nacional (EPN), Quito 170517, Ecuador
    Carrera de Pedagogía Técnica de la Mecatrónica, Facultad de Filosofía, Letras y Ciencias de la Educación, Universidad Central del Ecuador, Quito 170129, Ecuador)

Abstract

In Ecuador, the implementation of hydroelectric power plants has had a remarkable growth in the energy sector due to its high efficiency, low environmental impact, and opportunities to generate employment. One of the sectors with the greatest benefits from this type of energy has been the rural sector, where several small-scale hydroelectric plants (0.5 MW–10 MW) have been installed, usually with Pelton turbines. Although these turbines are highly efficient, one of the challenges is to obtain the optimal geometry of the bucket to take advantage of the greatest amount of energy from the water, avoiding the separation of the fluid. In this context, this study focuses on the development of an analytical and iterative methodology that allows for the determining of the appropriate dimensions of the buckets to achieve maximum turbine efficiency. For that, a parametric model has been proposed considering the dimensions and main angles of the bucket, the net hydraulic head and the working flow, as well as the power losses. The results of the model have been validated by means of CFD and by contrasting the experimental data obtained from the “Illuchi N2” Hydroelectric Power Plant in Ecuador, and it is concluded that it is possible to improve the turbine efficiency by up to 4%.

Suggested Citation

  • Jose Erazo & Guillermo Barragan & Modesto Pérez-Sánchez & Clotario Tapia & Marco Calahorrano & Victor Hidalgo, 2022. "Geometrical Optimization of Pelton Turbine Buckets for Enhancing Overall Efficiency by Using a Parametric Model—A Case Study: Hydroelectric Power Plant “Illuchi N2” from Ecuador," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(23), pages 1-18, November.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:15:y:2022:i:23:p:9052-:d:988312
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Julio Barzola-Monteses & Mónica Mite-León & Mayken Espinoza-Andaluz & Juan Gómez-Romero & Waldo Fajardo, 2019. "Time Series Analysis for Predicting Hydroelectric Power Production: The Ecuador Case," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 11(23), pages 1-19, November.
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    4. Apergis, Nicholas & Chang, Tsangyao & Gupta, Rangan & Ziramba, Emmanuel, 2016. "Hydroelectricity consumption and economic growth nexus: Evidence from a panel of ten largest hydroelectricity consumers," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 62(C), pages 318-325.
    5. Jeon, Heungsu & Park, Joo Hoon & Shin, Youhwan & Choi, Minsuk, 2018. "Friction loss and energy recovery of a Pelton turbine for different spear positions," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 123(C), pages 273-280.
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