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Sensor Technologies for Transmission and Distribution Systems: A Review of the Latest Developments

Author

Listed:
  • Akhyurna Swain

    (Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, New Jersey Institute of Technology, Newark, NJ 07102, USA)

  • Elmouatamid Abdellatif

    (Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, New Jersey Institute of Technology, Newark, NJ 07102, USA)

  • Ahmed Mousa

    (Utility of the Future, Public Service Electric and Gas Company (PSE&G), Newark, NJ 07102, USA)

  • Philip W. T. Pong

    (Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, New Jersey Institute of Technology, Newark, NJ 07102, USA)

Abstract

The transmission and distribution systems are essential in facilitating power flow from the source multiple loads over large distances with high magnitudes of voltages and currents. Hence, the monitoring and control of various components of these structures are crucial. Traditionally, this was implemented by sensing only the grid current and grid voltage parameters through coils, clamps, or instrument transformers. However, these have bulky structures that restrict them to the substation and have installation and maintenance issues due to their direct contact with high voltage conductors. Currently, the power grid is undergoing various developments e.g., penetration of renewable energy sources, remote control, and automation, bidirectional power flow, etc. These developments call for compact and energy-efficient sensors to sense multiple grid parameters such as the magnetic field data, temperature, humidity, acoustics, etc., to enable real time, wide area monitoring and the predictive maintenance of the power grid. The goal of this paper is to summarize the advancements in sensing technologies on transmission and distribution systems over a decade and to explain their role in the forthcoming expansion of the power grids. This paper aims to outline the current state-of-affairs of sensor technology as well as to fill research gaps by exploring their limitations.

Suggested Citation

  • Akhyurna Swain & Elmouatamid Abdellatif & Ahmed Mousa & Philip W. T. Pong, 2022. "Sensor Technologies for Transmission and Distribution Systems: A Review of the Latest Developments," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(19), pages 1-37, October.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:15:y:2022:i:19:p:7339-:d:934600
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Georgios Fotis & Christos Dikeakos & Elias Zafeiropoulos & Stylianos Pappas & Vasiliki Vita, 2022. "Scalability and Replicability for Smart Grid Innovation Projects and the Improvement of Renewable Energy Sources Exploitation: The FLEXITRANSTORE Case," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(13), pages 1-32, June.
    2. Ning Wang & Fei Zhao, 2020. "An Assessment of the Condition of Distribution Network Equipment Based on Large Data Fuzzy Decision-Making," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(1), pages 1-13, January.
    3. Nenad Sijakovic & Aleksandar Terzic & Georgios Fotis & Ioannis Mentis & Magda Zafeiropoulou & Theodoros I. Maris & Emmanouil Zoulias & Charalambos Elias & Vladan Ristic & Vasiliki Vita, 2022. "Active System Management Approach for Flexibility Services to the Greek Transmission and Distribution System," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(17), pages 1-31, August.
    4. Andrzej Wetula & Andrzej Bień & Mrunal Parekh, 2021. "New Sensor for Medium- and High-Voltage Measurement," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(15), pages 1-12, July.
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    Cited by:

    1. Leandro José Duarte & Alan Petrônio Pinheiro & Daniel Oliveira Ferreira, 2022. "A Real-Time Method to Estimate the Operational Condition of Distribution Transformers," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(22), pages 1-20, November.

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