IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/gam/jeners/v15y2021i1p36-d708059.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

The Effect of Dynamic Cold Storage Packed Bed on Liquid Air Energy Storage in an Experiment Scale

Author

Listed:
  • Yong Bian

    (School of Energy & Environment, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, China
    These authors contributed equally to this work and should be regarded as co-first authors.)

  • Chen Wang

    (School of Energy & Environment, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, China
    These authors contributed equally to this work and should be regarded as co-first authors.)

  • Yajun Wang

    (Shenzhen Energy Nanjing Holding Co., Ltd., Nanjing 210000, China)

  • Run Qin

    (Shenzhen Energy Nanjing Holding Co., Ltd., Nanjing 210000, China)

  • Shunyi Song

    (Shenzhen Energy Nanjing Holding Co., Ltd., Nanjing 210000, China)

  • Wenhao Qu

    (Shenzhen Energy Nanjing Holding Co., Ltd., Nanjing 210000, China)

  • Lu Xue

    (Xinglu Air Separation Ltd., Suzhou 215131, China)

  • Xiaosong Zhang

    (School of Energy & Environment, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, China)

Abstract

Liquid air energy storage (LAES) is one of the most promising large-scale energy storage technologies for the decarburization of networks. When electricity is needed, the liquid air is utilized to generate electricity through expansion, while the cold energy from liquid air evaporation is stored and recovered in the air liquefaction process. The packed bed filled with rocks/pebbles for cold storage is more suitable for real-world application in the near future compared to the fluids for cold storage. A standalone LAES system with packed bed energy storage is proposed in our previous work. However, the utilization of pressurized air for heat transfer fluid in the cold storage packed bed (CSPB) is confusing, and the effect of the CSPB on the system level should be further discussed. To address these issues, the dynamic performance of the CSPB is analyzed with the physical properties of the selected cold storage materials characterized. The system simulation is conducted in an experiment scale with and without considering the exergy loss of the CSPB for comparison. The simulation results show that the proposed LAES system has an ideal round trip efficiency (RTE) of 39.38–52.91%. With the consideration of exergy destruction of the CSPB, the RTE decreases by 19.91%. Furthermore, increasing the cold storage pressure reasonably is beneficial to the exergy efficiency of the CSPB, whether it is non-supercritical (0.1 MPa–3 MPa) or supercritical (4 MPa–9 MPa) air. These findings will give guidance and prediction to the experiments of the LAES and finally promote the development of the industrial application.

Suggested Citation

  • Yong Bian & Chen Wang & Yajun Wang & Run Qin & Shunyi Song & Wenhao Qu & Lu Xue & Xiaosong Zhang, 2021. "The Effect of Dynamic Cold Storage Packed Bed on Liquid Air Energy Storage in an Experiment Scale," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(1), pages 1-20, December.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:15:y:2021:i:1:p:36-:d:708059
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/15/1/36/pdf
    Download Restriction: no
    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/15/1/36/
    Download Restriction: no
    ---><---

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Rodrigues, E.M.G. & Godina, R. & Santos, S.F. & Bizuayehu, A.W. & Contreras, J. & Catalão, J.P.S., 2014. "Energy storage systems supporting increased penetration of renewables in islanded systems," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 75(C), pages 265-280.
    2. Denholm, Paul & Hand, Maureen, 2011. "Grid flexibility and storage required to achieve very high penetration of variable renewable electricity," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 39(3), pages 1817-1830, March.
    3. Gao, Yuanzhi & Hu, Guohao & Zhang, Yuzhuo & Zhang, Xiaosong, 2022. "An experimental study of a hybrid photovoltaic thermal system based on ethanol phase change self-circulation technology: Energy and exergy analysis," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 238(PA).
    4. Xinguo Sun & Jasim M. Mahdi & Hayder I. Mohammed & Hasan Sh. Majdi & Wang Zixiong & Pouyan Talebizadehsardari, 2021. "Solidification Enhancement in a Triple-Tube Latent Heat Energy Storage System Using Twisted Fins," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(21), pages 1-23, November.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. She, Xiaohui & Peng, Xiaodong & Nie, Binjian & Leng, Guanghui & Zhang, Xiaosong & Weng, Likui & Tong, Lige & Zheng, Lifang & Wang, Li & Ding, Yulong, 2017. "Enhancement of round trip efficiency of liquid air energy storage through effective utilization of heat of compression," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 206(C), pages 1632-1642.
    2. Cruz, Marco R.M. & Fitiwi, Desta Z. & Santos, Sérgio F. & Catalão, João P.S., 2018. "A comprehensive survey of flexibility options for supporting the low-carbon energy future," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 97(C), pages 338-353.
    3. Tayal, Dev, 2017. "Achieving high renewable energy penetration in Western Australia using data digitisation and machine learning," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 80(C), pages 1537-1543.
    4. Wang, Chen & Zhang, Xiaosong & You, Zhanping & Zhang, Muxing & Huang, Shifang & She, Xiaohui, 2021. "The effect of air purification on liquid air energy storage – An analysis from molecular to systematic modelling," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 300(C).
    5. Wang, Chen & Akkurt, Nevzat & Zhang, Xiaosong & Luo, Yimo & She, Xiaohui, 2020. "Techno-economic analyses of multi-functional liquid air energy storage for power generation, oxygen production and heating," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 275(C).
    6. Guandalini, Giulio & Campanari, Stefano & Romano, Matteo C., 2015. "Power-to-gas plants and gas turbines for improved wind energy dispatchability: Energy and economic assessment," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 147(C), pages 117-130.
    7. Huang, Qisheng & Xu, Yunjian & Courcoubetis, Costas, 2020. "Stackelberg competition between merchant and regulated storage investment in wholesale electricity markets," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 264(C).
    8. Jenkins, J.D. & Zhou, Z. & Ponciroli, R. & Vilim, R.B. & Ganda, F. & de Sisternes, F. & Botterud, A., 2018. "The benefits of nuclear flexibility in power system operations with renewable energy," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 222(C), pages 872-884.
    9. Zizzo, G. & Beccali, M. & Bonomolo, M. & Di Pietra, B. & Ippolito, M.G. & La Cascia, D. & Leone, G. & Lo Brano, V. & Monteleone, F., 2017. "A feasibility study of some DSM enabling solutions in small islands: The case of Lampedusa," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 140(P1), pages 1030-1046.
    10. Brunner, Christoph & Deac, Gerda & Braun, Sebastian & Zöphel, Christoph, 2020. "The future need for flexibility and the impact of fluctuating renewable power generation," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 149(C), pages 1314-1324.
    11. Nayak-Luke, Richard & Bañares-Alcántara, René & Collier, Sam, 2021. "Quantifying network flexibility requirements in terms of energy storage," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 167(C), pages 869-882.
    12. Lukas Wienholt & Ulf Philipp Müller & Julian Bartels, 2018. "Optimal Sizing and Spatial Allocation of Storage Units in a High-Resolution Power System Model," Energies, MDPI, vol. 11(12), pages 1-17, December.
    13. Gianluca Fulli & Marcelo Masera & Catalin Felix Covrig & Francesco Profumo & Ettore Bompard & Tao Huang, 2017. "The EU Electricity Security Decision-Analytic Framework: Status and Perspective Developments," Energies, MDPI, vol. 10(4), pages 1-20, March.
    14. Min, C.G. & Park, J.K. & Hur, D. & Kim, M.K., 2016. "A risk evaluation method for ramping capability shortage in power systems," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 113(C), pages 1316-1324.
    15. Ma, Huan & Sun, Qinghan & Chen, Qun & Zhao, Tian & He, Kelun, 2023. "Exergy-based flexibility cost indicator and spatio-temporal coordination principle of distributed multi-energy systems," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 267(C).
    16. Ghasemian, Mehran & Sheikholeslami, M. & Dehghan, Maziar, 2023. "Performance improvement of photovoltaic/thermal systems by using twisted tapes in the coolant tubes with different cross-section patterns," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 279(C).
    17. Arteconi, A. & Hewitt, N.J. & Polonara, F., 2012. "State of the art of thermal storage for demand-side management," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 93(C), pages 371-389.
    18. McKenna, Russell & Merkel, Erik & Fichtner, Wolf, 2017. "Energy autonomy in residential buildings: A techno-economic model-based analysis of the scale effects," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 189(C), pages 800-815.
    19. Denholm, Paul & Brinkman, Greg & Mai, Trieu, 2018. "How low can you go? The importance of quantifying minimum generation levels for renewable integration," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 115(C), pages 249-257.
    20. Andrychowicz, Mateusz & Olek, Blazej & Przybylski, Jakub, 2017. "Review of the methods for evaluation of renewable energy sources penetration and ramping used in the Scenario Outlook and Adequacy Forecast 2015. Case study for Poland," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 74(C), pages 703-714.

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:15:y:2021:i:1:p:36-:d:708059. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: MDPI Indexing Manager (email available below). General contact details of provider: https://www.mdpi.com .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.