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Experimental and Numerical Studies on the Influence of Blade Number in a Small Water Turbine

Author

Listed:
  • Grzegorz Peczkis

    (Department of Power Engineering and Turbomachinery, The Silesian University of Technology, 44-100 Gliwice, Poland)

  • Piotr Wiśniewski

    (Department of Power Engineering and Turbomachinery, The Silesian University of Technology, 44-100 Gliwice, Poland)

  • Andriy Zahorulko

    (Volodymyr Martsynkovskyy Computational Mechanics Department, Sumy State University, 40007 Sumy, Ukraine)

Abstract

This paper demonstrates the procedure of blade adjustment in a Kaplan-type water turbine, based on calculations of the flow system. The geometrical adjustment of a twisted blade with varying chord length is described in the study. Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) analysis was used to characterise aerofoil and turbine performance. Furthermore, two turbines, with a different number of blades, were designed, manufactured, and tested experimentally. The numerical model results were then compared with the experimental data. The studies were carried out with different rotational velocities and different stator blade incidence angles. The paper shows a comparison of the turbine efficiencies that were assessed, using numerical and experimental methods, of a flow system with four- and five-bladed rotors. The numerical model results matched up well with those of the experimental study. The efficiency of the proposed turbines reached up to 72% and 84% for four-bladed and five-bladed designs, respectively. These efficiencies, when considered with the turbine’s simplicity, low production and maintenance costs, as well as their potential for harvesting energy from low energy flows, mean that Kaplan turbines provide a promising technology for processing renewable energy.

Suggested Citation

  • Grzegorz Peczkis & Piotr Wiśniewski & Andriy Zahorulko, 2021. "Experimental and Numerical Studies on the Influence of Blade Number in a Small Water Turbine," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(9), pages 1-15, May.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:14:y:2021:i:9:p:2604-:d:548026
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Huixiang Chen & Daqing Zhou & Yuan Zheng & Shengwen Jiang & An Yu & You Guo, 2018. "Load Rejection Transient Process Simulation of a Kaplan Turbine Model by Co-Adjusting Guide Vanes and Runner Blades," Energies, MDPI, vol. 11(12), pages 1-18, November.
    2. Du, Jiyun & Yang, Hongxing & Shen, Zhicheng & Chen, Jian, 2017. "Micro hydro power generation from water supply system in high rise buildings using pump as turbines," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 137(C), pages 431-440.
    3. Lahimer, A.A. & Alghoul, M.A. & Sopian, K. & Amin, Nowshad & Asim, Nilofar & Fadhel, M.I., 2012. "Research and development aspects of pico-hydro power," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 16(8), pages 5861-5878.
    4. Arash Soltani Dehkharqani & Fredrik Engström & Jan-Olov Aidanpää & Michel J. Cervantes, 2019. "Experimental Investigation of a 10 MW Prototype Kaplan Turbine during Start-Up Operation," Energies, MDPI, vol. 12(23), pages 1-20, December.
    5. Williamson, S.J. & Stark, B.H. & Booker, J.D., 2013. "Performance of a low-head pico-hydro Turgo turbine," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 102(C), pages 1114-1126.
    6. Jie Zhao & Li Wang & Dichen Liu & Jun Wang & Yu Zhao & Tian Liu & Haoyu Wang, 2015. "Dynamic Model of Kaplan Turbine Regulating System Suitable for Power System Analysis," Mathematical Problems in Engineering, Hindawi, vol. 2015, pages 1-12, November.
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    Cited by:

    1. Shamsuddeen, Mohamed Murshid & Ma, Sang-Bum & Park, No-Hyun & Kim, Kyung Min & Kim, Jin-Hyuk, 2023. "Design analysis and optimization of a hydraulic gate turbine for power production from ultra-low head sites," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 275(C).
    2. Yang, Sun Sheng & Zhao, Erce & Fang, Tian & Kesharwani, Siddhi & Chaudhary, Shubham & Singh, Punit, 2023. "Towards an optimum pitch to chord ratio and establishing its scaling effects in low head Kaplan propellers," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 204(C), pages 750-772.

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