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Towards a Zero-Carbon Electricity System for India in 2050: IDEEA Model-Based Scenarios Integrating Wind and Solar Complementarity and Geospatial Endowments

Author

Listed:
  • Oleg Lugovoy

    (Environmental Defense Fund, New York, NY 10010, USA)

  • Varun Jyothiprakash

    (Indian Institute of Science Bangalore, Bangalore 560012, India)

  • Sourish Chatterjee

    (Global Change Programme, Jadavpur University, Kolkata 700032, India)

  • Samridh Sharma

    (Indian Institute of Science Bangalore, Bangalore 560012, India)

  • Arijit Mukherjee

    (Global Change Programme, Jadavpur University, Kolkata 700032, India)

  • Abhishek Das

    (Indian Institute of Science Bangalore, Bangalore 560012, India)

  • Shreya Some

    (Global Change Programme, Jadavpur University, Kolkata 700032, India
    Global Centre for Environment and Energy, Ahmedabad University, Ahmedabad 380009, India)

  • Disha L. Dinesha

    (Indian Institute of Science Bangalore, Bangalore 560012, India)

  • Nandini Das

    (Global Change Programme, Jadavpur University, Kolkata 700032, India)

  • Parthaa Bosu

    (Environmental Defense Fund, New York, NY 10010, USA)

  • Shyamasree Dasgupta

    (Indian Institute of Technology Mandi, Mandi 175005, India)

  • Lavanya Padhi

    (Environmental Defense Fund, New York, NY 10010, USA)

  • Biswanath Roy

    (Global Change Programme, Jadavpur University, Kolkata 700032, India)

  • Biswajit Thakur

    (Global Change Programme, Jadavpur University, Kolkata 700032, India
    Meghnad Saha Institute of Technology, Kolkata 700150, India)

  • Anupam Debsarkar

    (Global Change Programme, Jadavpur University, Kolkata 700032, India)

  • Balachandra Patil

    (Indian Institute of Science Bangalore, Bangalore 560012, India)

  • Joyashree Roy

    (Global Change Programme, Jadavpur University, Kolkata 700032, India
    Asian Institute of Technology, Pathum Thani 12120, Thailand)

Abstract

This study evaluated a potential transition of India’s power sector to 100% wind and solar energy sources. Applying a macro-energy IDEEA (Indian Zero Carbon Energy Pathways) model to 32 regions and 114 locations of potential installation of wind energy and 60 locations of solar energy, we evaluated a 100% renewable power system in India as a concept. We considered 153 scenarios with varying sets of generating and balancing technologies to evaluate each intermittent energy source separately and their complementarity. Our analysis confirms the potential technical feasibility and long-term reliability of a 100% renewable system for India, even with solar and wind energy only. Such a dual energy source system can potentially deliver fivefold the annual demand of 2019. The robust, reliable supply can be achieved in the long term, as verified by 41 years of weather data. The required expansion of energy storage and the grid will depend on the wind and solar energy structure and the types of generating technologies. Solar energy mostly requires intraday balancing that can be achieved through storage or demand-side flexibility. Wind energy is more seasonal and spatially scattered, and benefits from the long-distance grid expansion for balancing. The complementarity of the two resources on a spatial scale reduces requirements for energy storage. The demand-side flexibility is the key in developing low-cost supply with minimum curtailments. This can be potentially achieved with the proposed two-level electricity market where electricity prices reflect variability of the supply. A modelled experiment with price signals demonstrates how balancing capacity depends on the price levels of guaranteed and flexible types of loads, and therefore, can be defined by the market.

Suggested Citation

  • Oleg Lugovoy & Varun Jyothiprakash & Sourish Chatterjee & Samridh Sharma & Arijit Mukherjee & Abhishek Das & Shreya Some & Disha L. Dinesha & Nandini Das & Parthaa Bosu & Shyamasree Dasgupta & Lavanya, 2021. "Towards a Zero-Carbon Electricity System for India in 2050: IDEEA Model-Based Scenarios Integrating Wind and Solar Complementarity and Geospatial Endowments," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(21), pages 1-57, October.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:14:y:2021:i:21:p:7063-:d:667285
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Tianguang Lu & Peter Sherman & Xinyu Chen & Shi Chen & Xi Lu & Michael McElroy, 2020. "India’s potential for integrating solar and on- and offshore wind power into its energy system," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 11(1), pages 1-10, December.
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