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Assessment of Passive Retrofitting Scenarios in Heritage Residential Buildings in Hot, Dry Climates

Author

Listed:
  • Hanan S.S. Ibrahim

    (Sustainable Architecture and Urbanism Lab, Department of BATir, School of Engineering (EPB), Free University of Brussels/Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), 1050 Brussels, Belgium
    Department of Architectural Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Technology, Future University in Egypt (FUE), Cairo 11835, Egypt)

  • Ahmed Z. Khan

    (Sustainable Architecture and Urbanism Lab, Department of BATir, School of Engineering (EPB), Free University of Brussels/Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), 1050 Brussels, Belgium)

  • Waqas Ahmed Mahar

    (Sustainable Building Design (SBD) Lab, Department of UEE, Faculty of Applied Sciences, University of Liège, 4000 Liège, Belgium
    Department of Architecture, Balochistan University of Information Technology, Engineering and Management Sciences (BUITEMS), Baleli 87100, Pakistan)

  • Shady Attia

    (Sustainable Building Design (SBD) Lab, Department of UEE, Faculty of Applied Sciences, University of Liège, 4000 Liège, Belgium)

  • Yehya Serag

    (Department of Architectural Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Technology, Future University in Egypt (FUE), Cairo 11835, Egypt)

Abstract

Retrofitting heritage buildings for energy efficiency is not always easy where cultural values are highly concerned, which requires an integrated approach. This paper aims to assess the potential of applying passive retrofitting scenarios to enhance indoor thermal comfort of heritage buildings in North Africa, as a hot climate, a little attention has been paid to retrofit built heritage in that climate. A mixed-mode ventilation residential building in Cairo, Egypt, was selected as a case study. The study combines field measurements and observations with energy simulations. A simulation model was created and calibrated on the basis of monitored data in the reference building, and the thermal comfort range was evaluated. Sets of passive retrofitting scenarios were proposed. The results (based on the ASHRAE-55-2020 adaptive comfort model at 90% acceptability limits) showed that the annual thermal comfort in the reference building is very low, i.e., 31.4%. The application of hybrid passive retrofitting scenarios significantly impacts indoor thermal comfort in the reference building, where annual comfort hours of up to 66% can be achieved. The originality of this work lies in identifying the most effective energy measures to improve indoor thermal comfort that are optimal from a conservation point of view. The findings contribute to set a comprehensive retrofitting tool that avoids potential risks for the conservation of residential heritage buildings in hot climates.

Suggested Citation

  • Hanan S.S. Ibrahim & Ahmed Z. Khan & Waqas Ahmed Mahar & Shady Attia & Yehya Serag, 2021. "Assessment of Passive Retrofitting Scenarios in Heritage Residential Buildings in Hot, Dry Climates," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(11), pages 1-27, June.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:14:y:2021:i:11:p:3359-:d:570637
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    7. Hanan S.S. Ibrahim & Ahmed Z. Khan & Shady Attia & Yehya Serag, 2021. "Classification of Heritage Residential Building Stock and Defining Sustainable Retrofitting Scenarios in Khedivial Cairo," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(2), pages 1-26, January.
    8. Hanan Ibrahim & Ahmed Z. Khan & Shady Attia & Yehya Serag, 2021. "Classification of heritage residential building stock and defining sustainable retrofitting scenarios in Khedivial Cairo," ULB Institutional Repository 2013/326195, ULB -- Universite Libre de Bruxelles.
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    2. Robert C. Vella & Charles Yousif & Francisco Javier Rey Martinez & Javier María Rey Hernandez, 2022. "Prioritising Passive Measures over Air Conditioning to Achieve Thermal Comfort in Mediterranean Baroque Churches," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(14), pages 1-23, July.

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