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Effect of Non-Condensable Gasses on the Performance of a Vacuum Thermochemical Reactor

Author

Listed:
  • Pim Donkers

    (TNO Materials Solutions, High Tech Campus 25, 5656 AE Eindhoven, The Netherlands
    These authors contributed equally to this work.)

  • Kun Gao

    (TNO Materials Solutions, High Tech Campus 25, 5656 AE Eindhoven, The Netherlands
    These authors contributed equally to this work.)

  • Jelle Houben

    (TNO Materials Solutions, High Tech Campus 25, 5656 AE Eindhoven, The Netherlands)

  • Henk Huinink

    (TNO Materials Solutions, High Tech Campus 25, 5656 AE Eindhoven, The Netherlands)

  • Bart Erich

    (TNO Materials Solutions, High Tech Campus 25, 5656 AE Eindhoven, The Netherlands
    Eindhoven University of Technology, Den Dolech 2, 5600 MB Eindhoven, The Netherlands)

  • Olaf Adan

    (TNO Materials Solutions, High Tech Campus 25, 5656 AE Eindhoven, The Netherlands
    Eindhoven University of Technology, Den Dolech 2, 5600 MB Eindhoven, The Netherlands)

Abstract

A promising heat storage technique is based on thermochemical materials (TCM). Such materials are often used in closed systems under vacuum conditions, which is demonstrated in several projects in the European H2020 R&D programs. In this type of systems, non-condensable gasses (NCG) may have a significant effect on the reactor performance. This paper considers the potential effects of NCG on vacuum TCM reactor performance in detail. Water is used as working material to study NCG. Both experiments and numerical simulations show that the effect of NCG cannot be neglected. A small amount of NCG in a vacuum setup will significantly reduce the evaporation/condensation rate. It will transform the transport process from convection-based into diffusion-based in case the pressure of NCG at the condenser surface is equal to the pressure difference between the evaporator/condenser. Designing a stable vacuum storage system, puts high demands on leak tightness of the reactors but also on avoiding NCG release originating from TCM and any used material in the reactor (like coatings and glue). Additional free volume in the reactor will help to reach the demands of stable performance over longer working periods but decreases system energy density, being a crucial KPI. With help of our model, the performance of a system can be determined.

Suggested Citation

  • Pim Donkers & Kun Gao & Jelle Houben & Henk Huinink & Bart Erich & Olaf Adan, 2020. "Effect of Non-Condensable Gasses on the Performance of a Vacuum Thermochemical Reactor," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(2), pages 1-24, January.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:13:y:2020:i:2:p:362-:d:307735
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Cot-Gores, Jaume & Castell, Albert & Cabeza, Luisa F., 2012. "Thermochemical energy storage and conversion: A-state-of-the-art review of the experimental research under practical conditions," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 16(7), pages 5207-5224.
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    3. N’Tsoukpoe, Kokouvi Edem & Schmidt, Thomas & Rammelberg, Holger Urs & Watts, Beatriz Amanda & Ruck, Wolfgang K.L., 2014. "A systematic multi-step screening of numerous salt hydrates for low temperature thermochemical energy storage," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 124(C), pages 1-16.
    4. N'Tsoukpoe, K. Edem & Liu, Hui & Le Pierrès, Nolwenn & Luo, Lingai, 2009. "A review on long-term sorption solar energy storage," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 13(9), pages 2385-2396, December.
    5. Yan, T. & Wang, R.Z. & Li, T.X. & Wang, L.W. & Fred, Ishugah T., 2015. "A review of promising candidate reactions for chemical heat storage," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 43(C), pages 13-31.
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    Cited by:

    1. Houben, Jelle & Sögütoglu, Leyla & Donkers, Pim & Huinink, Henk & Adan, Olaf, 2020. "K2CO3 in closed heat storage systems," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 166(C), pages 35-44.

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