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An Evaluation of the Economic and Resilience Benefits of a Microgrid in Northampton, Massachusetts

Author

Listed:
  • Patrick Balducci

    (Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL), Portland, OR 97204, USA)

  • Kendall Mongird

    (Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL), Portland, OR 97204, USA)

  • Di Wu

    (Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL), Richland, WA 99352, USA)

  • Dexin Wang

    (Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL), Richland, WA 99352, USA)

  • Vanshika Fotedar

    (Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL), Portland, OR 97204, USA)

  • Robert Dahowski

    (Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL), Richland, WA 99352, USA)

Abstract

Recent developments and advances in distributed energy resource (DER) technologies make them valuable assets in microgrids. This paper presents an innovative evaluation framework for microgrid assets to capture economic benefits from various grid and behind-the-meter services in grid-connecting mode and resilience benefits in islanding mode. In particular, a linear programming formulation is used to model different services and DER operational constraints to determine the optimal DER dispatch to maximize economic benefits. For the resiliency analysis, a stochastic evaluation procedure is proposed to explicitly quantify the microgrid survivability against a random outage, considering uncertainties associated with photovoltaic (PV) generation, system load, and distributed generator failures. Optimal coordination strategies are developed to minimize unserved energy and improve system survivability, considering different levels of system connectedness. The proposed framework has been applied to evaluate a proposed microgrid in Northampton, Massachusetts that would link the Northampton Department of Public Works, Cooley Dickenson Hospital, and Smith Vocational Area High School. The findings of this analysis indicate that over a 20-year economic life, a 441 kW/441 kWh battery energy storage system, and 386 kW PV solar array can generate $2.5 million in present value benefits, yielding a 1.16 return on investment ratio. Results of this study also show that forming a microgrid generally improves system survivability, but the resilience performance of individual facilities varies depending on power-sharing strategies.

Suggested Citation

  • Patrick Balducci & Kendall Mongird & Di Wu & Dexin Wang & Vanshika Fotedar & Robert Dahowski, 2020. "An Evaluation of the Economic and Resilience Benefits of a Microgrid in Northampton, Massachusetts," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(18), pages 1-28, September.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:13:y:2020:i:18:p:4802-:d:413415
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Rosales-Asensio, Enrique & de Simón-Martín, Miguel & Borge-Diez, David & Blanes-Peiró, Jorge Juan & Colmenar-Santos, Antonio, 2019. "Microgrids with energy storage systems as a means to increase power resilience: An application to office buildings," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 172(C), pages 1005-1015.
    2. Laws, Nicholas D. & Anderson, Kate & DiOrio, Nicholas A. & Li, Xiangkun & McLaren, Joyce, 2018. "Impacts of valuing resilience on cost-optimal PV and storage systems for commercial buildings," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 127(C), pages 896-909.
    3. Bahramara, Salah & Sheikhahmadi, Pouria & Golpîra, Hêmin, 2019. "Co-optimization of energy and reserve in standalone micro-grid considering uncertainties," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 176(C), pages 792-804.
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    Cited by:

    1. Cristian Hoyos-Velandia & Lina Ramirez-Hurtado & Jaime Quintero-Restrepo & Ricardo Moreno-Chuquen & Francisco Gonzalez-Longatt, 2022. "Cost Functions for Generation Dispatching in Microgrids for Non-Interconnected Zones in Colombia," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(7), pages 1-14, March.
    2. Fouad El Gohary & Sofie Nyström & Lizette Reitsma & Cajsa Bartusch, 2021. "Identifying Challenges in Engaging Users to Increase Self-Consumption of Electricity in Microgrids," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(5), pages 1-27, February.

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