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Influence of Thermal Retrofitting on Annual Energy Demand for Heating in Multi-Family Buildings

Author

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  • Anna Życzyńska

    (Faculty of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Lublin University of Technology, 40 Nadbystrzycka Str., 20-618 Lublin, Poland)

  • Zbigniew Suchorab

    (Faculty of Environmental Engineering, Lublin University of Technology, 40B Nadbystrzycka Str., 20-618 Lublin, Poland)

  • Dariusz Majerek

    (Faculty of Fundamentals of Technology, Lublin University of Technology, 38 Nadbystrzycka Str., 20-618 Lublin, Poland)

Abstract

The paper presented the analysis of heat consumption for heating in multi-family residential buildings before and after thermal retrofitting. The analysis involved four groups of buildings, i.e., 43 buildings in total, located in various localities, belonging to one weather station. The predicted level of energy savings resulting from thermal retrofitting was achieved from the energy audits. The actual heat consumption, following the calculation into so-called external standard conditions, was obtained based on the readouts from heat-meters. For each building, the values of heat consumption over the periods of 6–10 years were read. The performance measurements involved the periods before, during, and after thermal retrofitting. The following statistical tests were used for data analysis: Wilcoxon–Mann–Whitney, Shapiro–Wilk, Bartlett, ANOVA, Kruskal–Wallis, Dunn and Holm post-hoc. The performed analyses showed that the mean value of energy savings predicted by audits reached 38.5% when the real mean value of savings, achieved from heat-meters, equaled 30.3%. The annual energy demand factors for heating were calculated for final energy and non-renewable primary energy factors. It was established that most of the analyzed objects fulfilled the primary energy factor requirements found in the Polish technical and construction regulations, which were valid at the time of investment.

Suggested Citation

  • Anna Życzyńska & Zbigniew Suchorab & Dariusz Majerek, 2020. "Influence of Thermal Retrofitting on Annual Energy Demand for Heating in Multi-Family Buildings," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(18), pages 1-19, September.
  • Handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:13:y:2020:i:18:p:4625-:d:409493
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Piccardo, C. & Dodoo, A. & Gustavsson, L. & Tettey, U.Y.A., 2020. "Retrofitting with different building materials: Life-cycle primary energy implications," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 192(C).
    2. Ricardo Ramírez-Villegas & Ola Eriksson & Thomas Olofsson, 2019. "Life Cycle Assessment of Building Renovation Measures–Trade-off between Building Materials and Energy," Energies, MDPI, vol. 12(3), pages 1-15, January.
    3. Cesare Biserni & Paolo Valdiserri & Dario D’Orazio & Massimo Garai, 2018. "Energy Retrofitting Strategies and Economic Assessments: The Case Study of a Residential Complex Using Utility Bills," Energies, MDPI, vol. 11(8), pages 1-15, August.
    4. Francesco Mancini & Benedetto Nastasi, 2019. "Energy Retrofitting Effects on the Energy Flexibility of Dwellings," Energies, MDPI, vol. 12(14), pages 1-19, July.
    5. Elena Mazzola & Tiziano Dalla Mora & Fabio Peron & Piercarlo Romagnoni, 2019. "An Integrated Energy and Environmental Audit Process for Historic Buildings," Energies, MDPI, vol. 12(20), pages 1-18, October.
    6. De Rosa, Mattia & Bianco, Vincenzo & Scarpa, Federico & Tagliafico, Luca A., 2014. "Heating and cooling building energy demand evaluation; a simplified model and a modified degree days approach," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 128(C), pages 217-229.
    7. Anna Życzyńska & Zbigniew Suchorab & Jan Kočí & Robert Černý, 2020. "Energy Effects of Retrofitting the Educational Facilities Located in South-Eastern Poland," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(10), pages 1-16, May.
    8. Paola Marrone & Paola Gori & Francesco Asdrubali & Luca Evangelisti & Laura Calcagnini & Gianluca Grazieschi, 2018. "Energy Benchmarking in Educational Buildings through Cluster Analysis of Energy Retrofitting," Energies, MDPI, vol. 11(3), pages 1-20, March.
    9. Fan, Yuling & Xia, Xiaohua, 2017. "A multi-objective optimization model for energy-efficiency building envelope retrofitting plan with rooftop PV system installation and maintenance," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 189(C), pages 327-335.
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    Cited by:

    1. Łukasz Amanowicz, 2020. "Controlling the Thermal Power of a Wall Heating Panel with Heat Pipes by Changing the Mass Flowrate and Temperature of Supplying Water—Experimental Investigations," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(24), pages 1-18, December.
    2. Anna Życzyńska & Dariusz Majerek & Zbigniew Suchorab & Agnieszka Żelazna & Václav Kočí & Robert Černý, 2021. "Improving the Energy Performance of Public Buildings Equipped with Individual Gas Boilers Due to Thermal Retrofitting," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(6), pages 1-19, March.
    3. Piotr Michalak & Krzysztof Szczotka & Jakub Szymiczek, 2023. "Audit-Based Energy Performance Analysis of Multifamily Buildings in South-East Poland," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(12), pages 1-21, June.
    4. Anna Życzyńska & Zbigniew Suchorab & Dariusz Majerek & Violeta Motuzienė, 2022. "Statistical Analysis of the Variability of Energy Efficiency Indicators for a Multi-Family Residential Building," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(14), pages 1-14, July.
    5. Birol Kılkış & Malik Çağlar & Mert Şengül, 2021. "Energy Benefits of Heat Pipe Technology for Achieving 100% Renewable Heating and Cooling for Fifth-Generation, Low-Temperature District Heating Systems," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(17), pages 1-54, August.

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