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Study on Desiccant and Evaporative Cooling Systems for Livestock Thermal Comfort: Theory and Experiments

Author

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  • Muhammad Kashif

    (Department of Agricultural Engineering, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan 60800, Pakistan
    Department of Agricultural Engineering, Muhammad Nawaz Shareef University of Agriculture, Multan 60000, Pakistan
    These authors contributed equally to this work.)

  • Hassan Niaz

    (Department of Agricultural Engineering, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan 60800, Pakistan
    School of Energy and Power Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
    These authors contributed equally to this work.)

  • Muhammad Sultan

    (Department of Agricultural Engineering, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan 60800, Pakistan
    These authors contributed equally to this work.)

  • Takahiko Miyazaki

    (Faculty of Engineering Sciences, Kyushu University, Kasuga-koen 6-1, Kasuga-shi, Fukuoka 816-8580, Japan
    International Institute for Carbon-Neutral Energy Research (WPI-I2CNER), Kyushu University, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan)

  • Yongqiang Feng

    (School of Energy and Power Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China)

  • Muhammad Usman

    (Institute for Water Resources and Water Supply, Hamburg University of Technology, Am Schwarzenberg-Campus 3, 20173 Hamburg, Germany)

  • Muhammad W. Shahzad

    (Mechanical and Construction Engineering Department, Northumbria University, Newcastle Upon Tyne NE1 8ST, UK)

  • Yasir Niaz

    (Department of Agricultural Engineering, Khwaja Fareed University of Engineering & Information Technology, Rahim Yar Khan 64200, Pakistan)

  • Muhammad M. Waqas

    (Department of Agricultural Engineering, Khwaja Fareed University of Engineering & Information Technology, Rahim Yar Khan 64200, Pakistan)

  • Imran Ali

    (Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China)

Abstract

The present study considers evaporative cooling and desiccant unit-based air-conditioning (AC) options for livestock AC application. In this regard, proposed systems are investigated by means of experiments and thermodynamic investigations. Air-conditioning requirements for animals are theoretically investigated and temperature-humidity index (THI) is estimated. A lab-scale heat mass exchanger based on the Maisotsenko-cycle evaporative cooling conception (MEC) is set up and its performance is evaluated at different ambient air conditions. In addition, a desiccant-based air-conditioning (DAC) unit is thermodynamically evaluated using a steady-state model available in the literature. The study focuses on the ambient conditions of Multan which is the 5th largest city of Pakistan and is assumed to be a typical hot city of southern Punjab. The study proposed three kinds of AC combination i.e., (i) stand-alone MEC, (ii) stand-alone desiccant AC, and (iii) M-cycle based desiccant AC systems. Wet bulb effectiveness of the stand-alone MEC unit resulted in being from 64% to 78% whereas the coefficient of performance for stand-alone desiccant AC and M-cycle based desiccant AC system was found to be 0.51 and 0.62, respectively. Results showed that the stand-alone MEC and M-cycle based desiccant AC systems can achieve the animals’ thermal comfort for the months of March to June and March to September, respectively, whereas, stand-alone desiccant AC is not found to be feasible in any month. In addition, the ambient situations of winter months (October to February) are already within the range of animal thermal comfort.

Suggested Citation

  • Muhammad Kashif & Hassan Niaz & Muhammad Sultan & Takahiko Miyazaki & Yongqiang Feng & Muhammad Usman & Muhammad W. Shahzad & Yasir Niaz & Muhammad M. Waqas & Imran Ali, 2020. "Study on Desiccant and Evaporative Cooling Systems for Livestock Thermal Comfort: Theory and Experiments," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(11), pages 1-18, May.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:13:y:2020:i:11:p:2675-:d:362896
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Panaras, G. & Mathioulakis, E. & Belessiotis, V. & Kyriakis, N., 2010. "Theoretical and experimental investigation of the performance of a desiccant air-conditioning system," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 35(7), pages 1368-1375.
    2. Zhan, Changhong & Duan, Zhiyin & Zhao, Xudong & Smith, Stefan & Jin, Hong & Riffat, Saffa, 2011. "Comparative study of the performance of the M-cycle counter-flow and cross-flow heat exchangers for indirect evaporative cooling – Paving the path toward sustainable cooling of buildings," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 36(12), pages 6790-6805.
    3. Sultan, Muhammad & Miyazaki, Takahiko & Koyama, Shigeru, 2018. "Optimization of adsorption isotherm types for desiccant air-conditioning applications," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 121(C), pages 441-450.
    4. Maheshwari, G. P. & Al-Ragom, F. & Suri, R. K., 2001. "Energy-saving potential of an indirect evaporative cooler," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 69(1), pages 69-76, May.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Citations

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    Cited by:

    1. Zeoli, Alanis & Pacak, Anna & Gendebien, Samuel & Chorowski, Maciej & Xie, Xiaoyun & Lemort, Vincent, 2025. "Feasibility analysis of desiccant evaporative cooling technologies in various climate conditions: Present and future potential," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 327(C).
    2. Shazia Noor & Hadeed Ashraf & Muhammad Sultan & Zahid Mahmood Khan, 2020. "Evaporative Cooling Options for Building Air-Conditioning: A Comprehensive Study for Climatic Conditions of Multan (Pakistan)," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(12), pages 1-23, June.
    3. Faisal Alghamdi & Moncef Krarti, 2025. "Review Analysis for the Energy Performance of Integrated Air-Conditioning Systems," Energies, MDPI, vol. 18(7), pages 1-35, March.
    4. Khawar Shahzad & Muhammad Sultan & Muhammad Bilal & Hadeed Ashraf & Muhammad Farooq & Takahiko Miyazaki & Uzair Sajjad & Imran Ali & Muhammad I. Hussain, 2021. "Experiments on Energy-Efficient Evaporative Cooling Systems for Poultry Farm Application in Multan (Pakistan)," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(5), pages 1-21, March.
    5. Muhammad Aleem & Ghulam Hussain & Muhammad Sultan & Takahiko Miyazaki & Muhammad H. Mahmood & Muhammad I. Sabir & Abdul Nasir & Faizan Shabir & Zahid M. Khan, 2020. "Experimental Investigation of Desiccant Dehumidification Cooling System for Climatic Conditions of Multan (Pakistan)," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(21), pages 1-23, October.
    6. Lanbo Lai & Xiaolin Wang & Gholamreza Kefayati & Eric Hu, 2021. "Evaporative Cooling Integrated with Solid Desiccant Systems: A Review," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(18), pages 1-23, September.

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