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The Four-C Framework for High Capacity Ultra-Low Latency in 5G Networks: A Review

Author

Listed:
  • Anabi Hilary Kelechi

    (Department of Electrical Engineering and Information Engineering, College of Engineering, Covenant University, Canaanland, Ota P.M.B 1023, Ogun State, Nigeria)

  • Mohammed H. Alsharif

    (Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Architecture, Istanbul Gelisim University, İstanbul, Avcılar 34310, Turkey)

  • Athirah Mohd Ramly

    (Centre of Advanced Electronic and Communication Engineering (PAKET), Faculty of Engineering and Built Environment, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Bangi 43600, Selangor, Malaysia)

  • Nor Fadzilah Abdullah

    (Centre of Advanced Electronic and Communication Engineering (PAKET), Faculty of Engineering and Built Environment, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Bangi 43600, Selangor, Malaysia)

  • Rosdiadee Nordin

    (Centre of Advanced Electronic and Communication Engineering (PAKET), Faculty of Engineering and Built Environment, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Bangi 43600, Selangor, Malaysia)

Abstract

Network latency will be a critical performance metric for the Fifth Generation (5G) networks expected to be fully rolled out in 2020 through the IMT-2020 project. The multi-user multiple-input multiple-output (MU-MIMO) technology is a key enabler for the 5G massive connectivity criterion, especially from the massive densification perspective. Naturally, it appears that 5G MU-MIMO will face a daunting task to achieve an end-to-end 1 ms ultra-low latency budget if traditional network set-ups criteria are strictly adhered to. Moreover, 5G latency will have added dimensions of scalability and flexibility compared to prior existing deployed technologies. The scalability dimension caters for meeting rapid demand as new applications evolve. While flexibility complements the scalability dimension by investigating novel non-stacked protocol architecture. The goal of this review paper is to deploy ultra-low latency reduction framework for 5G communications considering flexibility and scalability. The Four (4) C framework consisting of cost, complexity, cross-layer and computing is hereby analyzed and discussed. The Four (4) C framework discusses several emerging new technologies of software defined network (SDN), network function virtualization (NFV) and fog networking. This review paper will contribute significantly towards the future implementation of flexible and high capacity ultra-low latency 5G communications.

Suggested Citation

  • Anabi Hilary Kelechi & Mohammed H. Alsharif & Athirah Mohd Ramly & Nor Fadzilah Abdullah & Rosdiadee Nordin, 2019. "The Four-C Framework for High Capacity Ultra-Low Latency in 5G Networks: A Review," Energies, MDPI, vol. 12(18), pages 1-35, September.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:12:y:2019:i:18:p:3449-:d:264924
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Nirvikar Singh & Xavier Vives, 1984. "Price and Quantity Competition in a Differentiated Duopoly," RAND Journal of Economics, The RAND Corporation, vol. 15(4), pages 546-554, Winter.
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    1. Andrzej Paszkiewicz & Bartosz Pawłowicz & Bartosz Trybus & Mateusz Salach, 2021. "Traffic Intersection Lane Control Using Radio Frequency Identification and 5G Communication," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(23), pages 1-17, December.
    2. Ramraj Dangi & Akshay Jadhav & Gaurav Choudhary & Nicola Dragoni & Manas Kumar Mishra & Praveen Lalwani, 2022. "ML-Based 5G Network Slicing Security: A Comprehensive Survey," Future Internet, MDPI, vol. 14(4), pages 1-28, April.

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