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Analysis and Design of Fuel Cell Systems for Aviation

Author

Listed:
  • Thomas Kadyk

    (Institute of Energy and Process System Engineering, TU Braunschweig, Franz-Liszt Str. 35, 38106 Braunschweig, Germany)

  • Christopher Winnefeld

    (Institute of Electric Power Systems, Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz Universität Hannover, Welfengarten 1, 30167 Hannover, Germany)

  • Richard Hanke-Rauschenbach

    (Institute of Electric Power Systems, Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz Universität Hannover, Welfengarten 1, 30167 Hannover, Germany)

  • Ulrike Krewer

    (Institute of Energy and Process System Engineering, TU Braunschweig, Franz-Liszt Str. 35, 38106 Braunschweig, Germany)

Abstract

In this paper, the design of fuel cells for the main energy supply of passenger transportation aircraft is discussed. Using a physical model of a fuel cell, general design considerations are derived. Considering different possible design objectives, the trade-off between power density and efficiency is discussed. A universal cost–benefit curve is derived to aid the design process. A weight factor w P is introduced, which allows incorporating technical (e.g., system mass and efficiency) as well as non-technical design objectives (e.g., operating cost, emission goals, social acceptance or technology affinity, political factors). The optimal fuel cell design is not determined by the characteristics of the fuel cell alone, but also by the characteristics of the other system components. The fuel cell needs to be designed in the context of the whole energy system. This is demonstrated by combining the fuel cell model with simple and detailed design models of a liquid hydrogen tank. The presented methodology and models allows assessing the potential of fuel cell systems for mass reduction of future passenger aircraft.

Suggested Citation

  • Thomas Kadyk & Christopher Winnefeld & Richard Hanke-Rauschenbach & Ulrike Krewer, 2018. "Analysis and Design of Fuel Cell Systems for Aviation," Energies, MDPI, vol. 11(2), pages 1-15, February.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:11:y:2018:i:2:p:375-:d:130336
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Christopher Winnefeld & Thomas Kadyk & Boris Bensmann & Ulrike Krewer & Richard Hanke-Rauschenbach, 2018. "Modelling and Designing Cryogenic Hydrogen Tanks for Future Aircraft Applications," Energies, MDPI, vol. 11(1), pages 1-23, January.
    2. Jenssen, Dirk & Berger, Oliver & Krewer, Ulrike, 2017. "Improved PEM fuel cell system operation with cascaded stack and ejector-based recirculation," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 195(C), pages 324-333.
    3. Yaolong Liu & Ali Elham & Peter Horst & Martin Hepperle, 2018. "Exploring Vehicle Level Benefits of Revolutionary Technology Progress via Aircraft Design and Optimization," Energies, MDPI, vol. 11(1), pages 1-22, January.
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    Cited by:

    1. Tomasz Miazga & Grzegorz Iwański & Marcin Nikoniuk, 2021. "Energy Conversion System and Control of Fuel-Cell and Battery-Based Hybrid Drive for Light Aircraft," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(4), pages 1-18, February.
    2. Katalenich, Scott M. & Jacobson, Mark Z., 2022. "Toward battery electric and hydrogen fuel cell military vehicles for land, air, and sea," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 254(PB).
    3. Petronilla Fragiacomo & Francesco Piraino & Matteo Genovese & Lorenzo Flaccomio Nardi Dei & Daria Donati & Michele Vincenzo Migliarese Caputi & Domenico Borello, 2022. "Sizing and Performance Analysis of Hydrogen- and Battery-Based Powertrains, Integrated into a Passenger Train for a Regional Track, Located in Calabria (Italy)," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(16), pages 1-20, August.
    4. Francesco Piraino & Petronilla Fragiacomo, 2020. "Design of an Equivalent Consumption Minimization Strategy-Based Control in Relation to the Passenger Number for a Fuel Cell Tram Propulsion," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(15), pages 1-16, August.
    5. Othman, Ahmed M. & El-Fergany, Attia A., 2021. "Optimal dynamic operation and modeling of parallel connected multi-stacks fuel cells with improved slime mould algorithm," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 175(C), pages 770-782.
    6. Mohamed Derbeli & Cristian Napole & Oscar Barambones, 2021. "Machine Learning Approach for Modeling and Control of a Commercial Heliocentris FC50 PEM Fuel Cell System," Mathematics, MDPI, vol. 9(17), pages 1-18, August.
    7. Nida Khan & Kumarasamy Sudhakar & Rizalman Mamat, 2021. "Role of Biofuels in Energy Transition, Green Economy and Carbon Neutrality," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(22), pages 1-30, November.
    8. Maršenka Marksel & Anita Prapotnik Brdnik, 2022. "Maximum Take-Off Mass Estimation of a 19-Seat Fuel Cell Aircraft Consuming Liquid Hydrogen," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(14), pages 1-15, July.
    9. Siavash Khalili & Eetu Rantanen & Dmitrii Bogdanov & Christian Breyer, 2019. "Global Transportation Demand Development with Impacts on the Energy Demand and Greenhouse Gas Emissions in a Climate-Constrained World," Energies, MDPI, vol. 12(20), pages 1-54, October.

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