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The Eco-Innovation versus Economic Development on the EU Example

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  • Jolanta Pakulska

Abstract

Purpose: The aim of the article is to present the results of research on the relationship between the Eco-innovation and the level of the economic development. The aim of the research was to confirm the hypothesis that countries with a higher level of economic development are also characterized by a higher level of eco-innovation. Design/Methodology/Approach: The study was prepared on the basis of data on the Euro-pean Union, due to the large role that this organization attaches to this issue. For this pur-pose, the correlation of the GDP per capita in constant price with the index Eco-IS was ex-amined. Due to the nature of the data and their distribution, it was decided to use the Spearman's rank correlation coefficient. Findings: The analysis confirmed largely the hypothesis of a relatively large correlation of GDP and Eco-IS, but it was expected that this correlation would be higher. In addition, it was not expected that in recent years there would be a downward trend. Practical Implications: The development of eco-innovation is a necessary ‘tool’ to perma-nently reduce human pressure on the environment and efficient use of natural resources. Increasingly literature emphasizes the role of eco-innovation as one of the basic factors of sustainable development. It seems that economic development should entail greater concern for the environment and the development of eco-innovation. Originality/Value: There are no analyses indicating a link between the level of the eco-innovation and the level of the economic development. This study contributes to further research on this issue.

Suggested Citation

  • Jolanta Pakulska, 2021. "The Eco-Innovation versus Economic Development on the EU Example," European Research Studies Journal, European Research Studies Journal, vol. 0(1), pages 999-1008.
    • Handle: RePEc:ers:journl:v:xxiv:y:2021:i:1:p:999-1008
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Rennings, Klaus, 2000. "Redefining innovation -- eco-innovation research and the contribution from ecological economics," Ecological Economics, Elsevier, vol. 32(2), pages 319-332, February.
    2. Małgorzata Rutkowska & Jolanta Pakulska, 2018. "The level of eco-innovations in the EU Member States," WORking papers in Management Science (WORMS) WORMS/18/02, Department of Operations Research and Business Intelligence, Wroclaw University of Science and Technology.
    3. De Marchi, Valentina, 2012. "Environmental innovation and R&D cooperation: Empirical evidence from Spanish manufacturing firms," Research Policy, Elsevier, vol. 41(3), pages 614-623.
    4. Kanerva, Minna & Arundel, Anthony & Kemp, Rene, 2009. "Environmental innovation: Using qualitative models to identify indicators for policy," MERIT Working Papers 2009-047, United Nations University - Maastricht Economic and Social Research Institute on Innovation and Technology (MERIT).
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    Cited by:

    1. Małgorzata Rutkowska & Paweł Bartoszczuk & Uma Shankar Singh, 2021. "Management of Green Consumer Values in Renewable Energy Sources and Eco Innovation in India," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(21), pages 1-17, October.
    2. Irena Lacka & Lukasz Brzezicki, 2021. "The Efficiency and Productivity Evaluation of National Innovation Systems in Europe," European Research Studies Journal, European Research Studies Journal, vol. 0(Special 3), pages 471-496.

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    More about this item

    Keywords

    Eco-innovation; GDP; Spearman's rank correlation.;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • E01 - Macroeconomics and Monetary Economics - - General - - - Measurement and Data on National Income and Product Accounts and Wealth; Environmental Accounts
    • O52 - Economic Development, Innovation, Technological Change, and Growth - - Economywide Country Studies - - - Europe
    • O30 - Economic Development, Innovation, Technological Change, and Growth - - Innovation; Research and Development; Technological Change; Intellectual Property Rights - - - General
    • Q01 - Agricultural and Natural Resource Economics; Environmental and Ecological Economics - - General - - - Sustainable Development
    • Q56 - Agricultural and Natural Resource Economics; Environmental and Ecological Economics - - Environmental Economics - - - Environment and Development; Environment and Trade; Sustainability; Environmental Accounts and Accounting; Environmental Equity; Population Growth

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