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How does culture influence digital banking? A comparative study based on the unified model

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  • Khan, Ikram Ullah

Abstract

This study unravels the influence of culture on digital banking in Pakistan and China. The unified model (UTAUT-2) along with customer support was selected as a theoretical lens to cover the determining factors encompassing both the positive and negative aspects of digital banking adoption. The culture was used as a moderating variable to fix its influence on customers' intentions and usage behavior to go for digital banking. Using an online survey, 360 bank customers from Pakistan and 410 customers were selected from mainland China. Data were analyzed through smart-PLS using structural equation modeling. The study finds that improvement in performance, hedonic motivation, habit, and the customers' perception of receiving real-time support from banks were the crucial factors for Pakistani customers. Meanwhile, Chinese customers were attracted toward digital banking owing to societal influence, cost factors, habitual work, and banks’ mechanism for supporting their customers. The cultural effect was also significant in determining the ultimate use of digital banking. The article provides deeper insights guiding banks and regulators to smoothen the digitization of banking services in both the Pakistani and Chinese economies.

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  • Khan, Ikram Ullah, 2022. "How does culture influence digital banking? A comparative study based on the unified model," Technology in Society, Elsevier, vol. 68(C).
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:teinso:v:68:y:2022:i:c:s0160791x21002979
    DOI: 10.1016/j.techsoc.2021.101822
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    2. Arpaci, Ibrahim & Karatas, Kasim & Kusci, Ismail & Al-Emran, Mostafa, 2022. "Understanding the social sustainability of the Metaverse by integrating UTAUT2 and big five personality traits: A hybrid SEM-ANN approach," Technology in Society, Elsevier, vol. 71(C).
    3. Siti Norbaya Mohd Rashid & Shereen Noranee & Azlin Zanariah Bahtar, 2023. "Digital Banking Adoption Intention Model in Malaysia: A Pilot Study," Information Management and Business Review, AMH International, vol. 15(3), pages 244-250.
    4. Danping Liu & Hedan Fang & Yuanmao Tang & Salmi Mohd Isa & Jinquan Tang, 2023. "Intelligent Technology Solutions and Banking Efficiency: The Impacts of Institutional Innovation and Consumer Participation," SAGE Open, , vol. 13(2), pages 21582440231, June.
    5. Pinto, Marcelo Rezende & Salume, Paula Karina & Barbosa, Marcelo Werneck & de Sousa, Paulo Renato, 2023. "The path to digital maturity: A cluster analysis of the retail industry in an emerging economy," Technology in Society, Elsevier, vol. 72(C).
    6. Suhail, Faisal & Adel, Mouhand & Al-Emran, Mostafa & AlQudah, Adi Ahmad, 2024. "Are students ready for robots in higher education? Examining the adoption of robots by integrating UTAUT2 and TTF using a hybrid SEM-ANN approach," Technology in Society, Elsevier, vol. 77(C).
    7. Abdulrahman Andijani & Kyeong Kang, 2022. "Social Commerce Acceptance after Post COVID-19 Pandemic in Saudi Women Customers: A Multi-Group Analysis of Customer Age," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(16), pages 1-19, August.

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    Keywords

    Culture; Digital banking; UTAUT2; Pakistan; China;
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