IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/eee/socmed/v60y2005i3p471-482.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Causes and demographic, medical, lifestyle and psychosocial predictors of premature mortality: the CARDIA study

Author

Listed:
  • Iribarren, Carlos
  • Jacobs, David R.
  • Kiefe, Catarina I.
  • Lewis, Cora E.
  • Matthews, Karen A.
  • Roseman, Jeffrey M.
  • Hulley, Stephen B.

Abstract

We examined the 16-year mortality experience among participants in the baseline examination (1985-86) of the Coronary Artery Risk Development in Young Adults (CARDIA) Study, a U.S. cohort of 5115 urban adults initially 18-30 years old and balanced by sex and race (black and whites) in the USA. We observed 127 deaths (annual mortality of 0.15%). Compared to white women, the rate ratio (95% confidence interval) of all-cause mortality was 9.3 (4.4, 19.4) among black men, 5.3 (2.5, 11.4) among white men and 2.7 (1.2, 6.1) among black women. The predominant causes of death, which also differed greatly by sex-race, were AIDS (28% of deaths), homicide (16%), unintentional injury (10%), suicide (7%), cancer (7%) and coronary disease (7%). The significant baseline predictors of all-cause mortality in multivariate analysis were male sex, black race, diabetes, self-reported liver and kidney disease, current cigarette smoking and low social support. Two other factors, self-reported thyroid disease and high hostility, were significant predictors in analyses adjusted for age, sex and race. In conclusion, we found striking differences in the rates and underlying cause of death across sex-race groups and several independent predictors of young adult mortality that have major implications for preventive medicine and social policies.

Suggested Citation

  • Iribarren, Carlos & Jacobs, David R. & Kiefe, Catarina I. & Lewis, Cora E. & Matthews, Karen A. & Roseman, Jeffrey M. & Hulley, Stephen B., 2005. "Causes and demographic, medical, lifestyle and psychosocial predictors of premature mortality: the CARDIA study," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 60(3), pages 471-482, February.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:socmed:v:60:y:2005:i:3:p:471-482
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0277-9536(04)00275-8
    Download Restriction: Full text for ScienceDirect subscribers only
    ---><---

    As the access to this document is restricted, you may want to search for a different version of it.

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Stall, R.D. & Greenwood, G.L. & Acree, M. & Paul, J. & Coates, T.J., 1999. "Cigarette smoking among gay and bisexual men," American Journal of Public Health, American Public Health Association, vol. 89(12), pages 1875-1878.
    2. Sidney, S. & Friedman, G.D. & Siegelaub, A.B., 1987. "Thinness and mortality," American Journal of Public Health, American Public Health Association, vol. 77(3), pages 317-322.
    3. Buehler, J.W. & Devine, O.J. & Berkelman, R.L. & Chevarley, F.M., 1990. "Impact of the human immunodeficiency virus epidemic on mortality trends in young men, United States," American Journal of Public Health, American Public Health Association, vol. 80(9), pages 1080-1086.
    4. Sorlie, P.D. & Backlund, E. & Keller, J.B., 1995. "US mortality by economic, demographic, and social characteristics: The National Longitudinal Mortality Study," American Journal of Public Health, American Public Health Association, vol. 85(7), pages 949-956.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Citations

    Citations are extracted by the CitEc Project, subscribe to its RSS feed for this item.
    as


    Cited by:

    1. Shor, Eran & Roelfs, David J., 2015. "Social contact frequency and all-cause mortality: A meta-analysis and meta-regression," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 128(C), pages 76-86.
    2. Fredrica Nyqvist & Bernd Pape & Tony Pellfolk & Anna Forsman & Kristian Wahlbeck, 2014. "Structural and Cognitive Aspects of Social Capital and All-Cause Mortality: A Meta-Analysis of Cohort Studies," Social Indicators Research: An International and Interdisciplinary Journal for Quality-of-Life Measurement, Springer, vol. 116(2), pages 545-566, April.
    3. Eran Shor & David Roelfs & Misty Curreli & Lynn Clemow & Matthew Burg & Joseph Schwartz, 2012. "Widowhood and Mortality: A Meta-Analysis and Meta-Regression," Demography, Springer;Population Association of America (PAA), vol. 49(2), pages 575-606, May.
    4. Shor, Eran & Roelfs, David J. & Bugyi, Paul & Schwartz, Joseph E., 2012. "Meta-analysis of marital dissolution and mortality: Reevaluating the intersection of gender and age," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 75(1), pages 46-59.
    5. Kroenke, Candyce, 2008. "Socioeconomic status and health: Youth development and neomaterialist and psychosocial mechanisms," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 66(1), pages 31-42, January.

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Trine Filges & Anu Siren & Torben Fridberg & Bjørn C. V. Nielsen, 2020. "Voluntary work for the physical and mental health of older volunteers: A systematic review," Campbell Systematic Reviews, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 16(4), December.
    2. Heer, Burkhard & Rohrbacher, Stefan, 2021. "Endogenous longevity and optimal tax progressivity," Journal of Health Economics, Elsevier, vol. 79(C).
    3. Jolliffe, Dean, 2011. "Overweight and poor? On the relationship between income and the body mass index," Economics & Human Biology, Elsevier, vol. 9(4), pages 342-355.
    4. Michael Lokshin & Martin Ravallion, 2008. "Testing for an economic gradient in health status using subjective data," Health Economics, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., vol. 17(11), pages 1237-1259, November.
    5. Alexander, Monica, 2018. "Deaths without denominators: using a matched dataset to study mortality patterns in the United States," SocArXiv q79ye, Center for Open Science.
    6. Arline T. Geronimus, 1999. "Economic inequality and social differentials in mortality," Economic Policy Review, Federal Reserve Bank of New York, vol. 5(Sep), pages 23-36.
    7. Liqun Liu & Andrew J. Rettenmaier, 2003. "Social Security Outcomes by Racial and Education Groups," Southern Economic Journal, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 69(4), pages 842-864, April.
    8. Elizabeth McDermott & Rosie Nelson & Harri Weeks, 2021. "The Politics of LGBT+ Health Inequality: Conclusions from a UK Scoping Review," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(2), pages 1-35, January.
    9. Max Groneck & Johanna Wallenius, 2021. "It Sucks to Be Single! Marital Status and Redistribution of Social Security [Female labor supply as insurance against idiosyncratic risk]," The Economic Journal, Royal Economic Society, vol. 131(633), pages 327-371.
    10. Zimmer, Zachary, 2008. "Poverty, wealth inequality and health among older adults in rural Cambodia," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 66(1), pages 57-71, January.
    11. Shankha Chakraborty & Mausumi Das, 2005. "Mortality, Human Capital and Persistent Inequality," Journal of Economic Growth, Springer, vol. 10(2), pages 159-192, June.
    12. Netta E. Mäki & Pekka T. Martikainen, 2008. "The Effects of Education, Social Class and Income on Non-alcohol- and Alcohol-Associated Suicide Mortality: A Register-based Study of Finnish Men Aged 25–64," European Journal of Population, Springer;European Association for Population Studies, vol. 24(4), pages 385-404, December.
    13. Groneck, Max & Schön, Matthias & Wallenius, Johanna, 2016. "You Better Get Married! Marital Status and Intra-Generational Redistribution of Social Security," VfS Annual Conference 2016 (Augsburg): Demographic Change 145801, Verein für Socialpolitik / German Economic Association.
    14. Shaobin Wang & Zhoupeng Ren, 2019. "Spatial variations and macroeconomic determinants of life expectancy and mortality rate in China: a county-level study based on spatial analysis models," International Journal of Public Health, Springer;Swiss School of Public Health (SSPH+), vol. 64(5), pages 773-783, June.
    15. Lokshin, Michael & Ravallion, Martin, 2005. "Searching for the economic gradient in self-assessed health," Policy Research Working Paper Series 3698, The World Bank.
    16. Guthrie, Lori C. & Butler, Stephen C. & Ward, Michael M., 2009. "Time perspective and socioeconomic status: A link to socioeconomic disparities in health?," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 68(12), pages 2145-2151, June.
    17. Shayna Fae Bernstein & David Rehkopf & Shripad Tuljapurkar & Carol C Horvitz, 2018. "Poverty dynamics, poverty thresholds and mortality: An age-stage Markovian model," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 13(5), pages 1-21, May.
    18. Kühntopf, Stephan & Tivig, Thusnelda, 2008. "Early retirement in Germany: Loss of income and lifetime?," Thuenen-Series of Applied Economic Theory 85, University of Rostock, Institute of Economics.
    19. Smith, Elizabeth A & Offen, Naphtali & Malone, Ruth E, 2005. "What makes an ad a cigarette ad? Commercial tobacco imagery in the lesbian, gay, and bisexual press," University of California at San Francisco, Center for Tobacco Control Research and Education qt606057n9, Center for Tobacco Control Research and Education, UC San Francisco.
    20. Santosh Jatrana & Saira Dayal & Ken Richardson & Tony Blakely, 2018. "Socio-economic inequalities in mortality for Asian people: New Zealand Census-Mortality Study, 1996–2004," Journal of Population Research, Springer, vol. 35(4), pages 417-433, December.

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:eee:socmed:v:60:y:2005:i:3:p:471-482. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: Catherine Liu (email available below). General contact details of provider: http://www.elsevier.com/wps/find/journaldescription.cws_home/315/description#description .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.