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Activity of chars and activated carbons for removal and decomposition of tar model compounds – A review

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  • Ravenni, Giulia
  • Sárossy, Zsuzsa
  • Ahrenfeldt, Jesper
  • Henriksen, Ulrik Birk

Abstract

Chars, or carbonized products produced by pyrolysis or gasification, have a porous structure, a high specific surface area and they can be rich in micropores. Such characteristics make them suitable to be used in the cleaning of gasification producer gas. Several authors have been investigating the mechanism of the interaction between tar compounds and char, in order to understand the potential of this application. This review is aimed at summarizing results from reported experimental campaigns, carried out to study the effect of char beds on tar compounds: several research groups have been investigating the subject over the years, using different experimental methods and different chars or activated carbon (AC).

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  • Ravenni, Giulia & Sárossy, Zsuzsa & Ahrenfeldt, Jesper & Henriksen, Ulrik Birk, 2018. "Activity of chars and activated carbons for removal and decomposition of tar model compounds – A review," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 94(C), pages 1044-1056.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:rensus:v:94:y:2018:i:c:p:1044-1056
    DOI: 10.1016/j.rser.2018.07.001
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Bhandari, Pushpak N. & Kumar, Ajay & Bellmer, Danielle D. & Huhnke, Raymond L., 2014. "Synthesis and evaluation of biochar-derived catalysts for removal of toluene (model tar) from biomass-generated producer gas," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 66(C), pages 346-353.
    2. Font Palma, Carolina, 2013. "Modelling of tar formation and evolution for biomass gasification: A review," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 111(C), pages 129-141.
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    2. Cheng, Long & Wu, Zhiqiang & Zhang, Zhiguo & Guo, Changqing & Ellis, Naoko & Bi, Xiaotao & Paul Watkinson, A. & Grace, John R., 2020. "Tar elimination from biomass gasification syngas with bauxite residue derived catalysts and gasification char," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 258(C).
    3. Korus, Agnieszka & Ravenni, Giulia & Loska, Krzysztof & Korus, Irena & Samson, Abby & Szlęk, Andrzej, 2021. "The importance of inherent inorganics and the surface area of wood char for its gasification reactivity and catalytic activity towards toluene conversion," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 173(C), pages 479-497.
    4. Wang, Shuxiao & Zhang, Yuyuan & Shan, Rui & Gu, Jing & Yuan, Haoran & Chen, Yong, 2022. "Steam reforming of biomass tar model compound over two waste char-based Ni catalysts for syngas production," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 246(C).
    5. Lin, Qunqing & Zhang, Shuping & Wang, Jiaxing & Yin, Haoxin, 2021. "Synthesis of modified char-supported Ni–Fe catalyst with hierarchical structure for catalytic cracking of biomass tar," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 174(C), pages 188-198.
    6. Wang, Shuxiao & Shan, Rui & Lu, Tao & Zhang, Yuyuan & Yuan, Haoran & Chen, Yong, 2020. "Pyrolysis char derived from waste peat for catalytic reforming of tar model compound," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 263(C).
    7. David, E. & Kopač, J., 2021. "Efficient removal of tar from gas fraction resulting from thermo-chemical conversion of biomass using coal fly ash–based catalysts," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 171(C), pages 1290-1302.
    8. Parrillo, F. & Ruoppolo, G. & Arena, U., 2020. "The role of activated carbon size in the catalytic cracking of naphthalene," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 190(C).
    9. Li, Moshan & Lu, Yiyu & Hu, Erfeng & Yang, Yang & Tian, Yishui & Dai, Chongyang & Li, Chenhao, 2023. "Fast co-pyrolysis characteristics of high-alkali coal and polyethylene using infrared rapid heating," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 266(C).
    10. Subotić, Vanja & Baldinelli, Arianna & Barelli, Linda & Scharler, Robert & Pongratz, Gernot & Hochenauer, Christoph & Anca-Couce, Andrés, 2019. "Applicability of the SOFC technology for coupling with biomass-gasifier systems: Short- and long-term experimental study on SOFC performance and degradation behaviour," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 256(C).
    11. Kostyniuk, Andrii & Bajec, David & Likozar, Blaž, 2021. "Catalytic hydrogenation, hydrocracking and isomerization reactions of biomass tar model compound mixture over Ni-modified zeolite catalysts in packed bed reactor," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 167(C), pages 409-424.
    12. Yang, Haiping & Chen, Zhiqun & Chen, Wei & Chen, Yingquan & Wang, Xianhua & Chen, Hanping, 2020. "Role of porous structure and active O-containing groups of activated biochar catalyst during biomass catalytic pyrolysis," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 210(C).
    13. Eleonora Cordioli & Francesco Patuzzi & Marco Baratieri, 2019. "Thermal and Catalytic Cracking of Toluene Using Char from Commercial Gasification Systems," Energies, MDPI, vol. 12(19), pages 1-16, October.
    14. Zeng, Xi & Wang, Fang & Han, Zhennan & Han, Jiangze & Zhang, Jianling & Wu, Rongcheng & Xu, Guangwen, 2019. "Assessment of char property on tar catalytic reforming in a fluidized bed reactor for adopting a two-stage gasification process," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 248(C), pages 115-125.
    15. Hervy, Maxime & Weiss-Hortala, Elsa & Pham Minh, Doan & Dib, Hadi & Villot, Audrey & Gérente, Claire & Berhanu, Sarah & Chesnaud, Anthony & Thorel, Alain & Le Coq, Laurence & Nzihou, Ange, 2019. "Reactivity and deactivation mechanisms of pyrolysis chars from bio-waste during catalytic cracking of tar," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 237(C), pages 487-499.

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