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Glycerol reforming in supercritical water; a short review

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  • Markočič, Elena
  • Kramberger, Boris
  • van Bennekom, Joost G.
  • Jan Heeres, Hero
  • Vos, John
  • Knez, Željko

Abstract

Due to the rise in global biodiesel production, the amount of crude glycerol, the main byproduct, has increased steadily. Identification of high value added outlets for crude glycerol has been explored in detail to increase the overall economics of the biodiesel process. Examples are the use of glycerol for the synthesis of green biobased chemicals and the conversion to hydrogen and/or syngas. Supercritical water has received considerable attention as reaction medium for glycerol reforming because it allows the processing of streams with high moisture content and the production of clean gas at high pressure, being attractive from an environmental point of view. The recent interest in supercritical water reforming of biomass, especially glycerol, has created the need for the available data in this specific field to be collected and compared. This review, the first to deal exclusively with glycerol processing, focuses on the production of gas and of organic components in supercritical water. Both catalytic and non-catalytic reforming of glycerol is considered and thermodynamics are addressed. The results suggest that the process conditions during supercritical water reforming of glycerol should depend on the aimed products. Low temperatures, high pressures, concentrated feed solutions and acidic catalyst will generate liquid products, with acrolein as the main compound. For gasification, high temperatures, lower pressures, dilute feed solutions and alkali or metal catalysts should be used.

Suggested Citation

  • Markočič, Elena & Kramberger, Boris & van Bennekom, Joost G. & Jan Heeres, Hero & Vos, John & Knez, Željko, 2013. "Glycerol reforming in supercritical water; a short review," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 23(C), pages 40-48.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:rensus:v:23:y:2013:i:c:p:40-48
    DOI: 10.1016/j.rser.2013.02.046
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    1. Zheng, Lixiao & Dan, Xie & Cui, Xinyu & Guo, Yang, 2023. "A novel biotar-derived porous carbon supported Ru catalyst for hydrogen production from supercritical water gasification of glycerol," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 212(C), pages 921-927.
    2. Schwengber, Carine Aline & Alves, Helton José & Schaffner, Rodolfo Andrade & da Silva, Fernando Alves & Sequinel, Rodrigo & Bach, Vanessa Rossato & Ferracin, Ricardo José, 2016. "Overview of glycerol reforming for hydrogen production," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 58(C), pages 259-266.
    3. Ramalingam, Senthil & Ezhumalai, Manikandan & Govindasamy, Mohan, 2019. "Syngas: Derived from biodiesel and its influence on CI engine," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 189(C).
    4. Huang, Dan & Wu, Zan & Sunden, Bengt & Li, Wei, 2016. "A brief review on convection heat transfer of fluids at supercritical pressures in tubes and the recent progress," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 162(C), pages 494-505.
    5. Galadima, Ahmad & Muraza, Oki, 2014. "Biodiesel production from algae by using heterogeneous catalysts: A critical review," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 78(C), pages 72-83.
    6. He, Quan (Sophia) & McNutt, Josiah & Yang, Jie, 2017. "Utilization of the residual glycerol from biodiesel production for renewable energy generation," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 71(C), pages 63-76.
    7. Knez, Ž. & Markočič, E. & Leitgeb, M. & Primožič, M. & Knez Hrnčič, M. & Škerget, M., 2014. "Industrial applications of supercritical fluids: A review," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 77(C), pages 235-243.
    8. Gutiérrez Ortiz, F.J. & Campanario, F.J. & Aguilera, P.G. & Ollero, P., 2016. "Supercritical water reforming of glycerol: Performance of Ru and Ni catalysts on Al2O3 support," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 96(C), pages 561-568.
    9. Remón, J. & Arcelus-Arrillaga, P. & García, L. & Arauzo, J., 2018. "Simultaneous production of gaseous and liquid biofuels from the synergetic co-valorisation of bio-oil and crude glycerol in supercritical water," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 228(C), pages 2275-2287.
    10. Talebian-Kiakalaieh, Amin & Amin, Nor Aishah Saidina & Hezaveh, Hadi, 2014. "Glycerol for renewable acrolein production by catalytic dehydration," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 40(C), pages 28-59.

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