Research progress on the formation characteristics and enhanced storage mechanism of methane hydrate with containing porous framework system: Current progress, challenges and perspectives

The hydrate-based method for gas storage technology is considered to be a very promising energy storage strategy. Methane hydrates have the advantages of high gas storage density, low safety risk and environmental friendliness and have attracted worldwide attention as an emerging storage and transportation solution. However, there have become major challenges and obstacles for this technology due to the prolonged induction time and slow formation rate. The rapid formation and enhanced storage of methane hydrate have become the key issues and challenges in this field. This paper systematically reviews the cross-scale enhancement effects of porous framework systems in methane hydrate storage and transport. Porous framework materials are categorized into inorganic, carbon-based, organic and metal-based frameworks. Key parameters such as pore size, particle size, stacking arrangement and hydrophilicity/hydrophobicity are thoroughly analyzed for their influence on methane hydrate formation mechanisms. Building on this foundation, a comprehensive analysis is conducted on the enhanced methane hydrate storage characteristics and mechanisms of porous framework systems, covering thermodynamics, quantitative comparisons of storage performance and storage behavior. Finally, the challenges of development prospects of porous framework systems for methane storage based hydrate technology are discussed and the future directions are pointed out.