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Investigation of the kinetics of mixed methane hydrate formation kinetics in saline and seawater

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  • Veluswamy, Hari Prakash
  • Kumar, Asheesh
  • Kumar, Rajnish
  • Linga, Praveen

Abstract

Solidified Natural Gas (SNG) technology for storing methane/natural gas in clathrate hydrates is gaining prominence due to its promising advantages of being extremely safe, relatively greener, more economical and offering a compact mode of long-term reliable storage in comparison to prevalent technologies. Recently, we demonstrated a faster method to store methane in seawater and saline water via mixed sII hydrates in an unstirred reactor configuration. In this study, we investigate in detail the macroscopic kinetics of mixed hydrate formation in presence of saline (3 wt% or 1.1 mol% NaCl) water, artificial and natural seawater. The effect of driving force on the kinetics of mixed hydrate formation was studied by performing hydrate formation experiments at three different pressures of 3.0, 5.0 and 7.2 MPa at 283.2 K. Characteristic difference in the formation kinetics was observed at lower driving force (3.0 MPa and 5.0 MPa) experiments of saline water in comparison to the experiment without salt. Further, effect of amino acids (leucine and arginine) on mixed hydrate formation starting from saline water at moderate pressure of 5.0 MPa have been studied. 200 ppm leucine was found to be enhancing the mixed methane hydrate formation kinetics in saline water under studied experimental conditions. These findings highlight the promise of employing seawater for SNG technology to store methane (natural gas) on a large scale suited for long-term storage.

Suggested Citation

  • Veluswamy, Hari Prakash & Kumar, Asheesh & Kumar, Rajnish & Linga, Praveen, 2019. "Investigation of the kinetics of mixed methane hydrate formation kinetics in saline and seawater," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 253(C), pages 1-1.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:appene:v:253:y:2019:i:c:26
    DOI: 10.1016/j.apenergy.2019.113515
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Zhong, Dong-Liang & Li, Zheng & Lu, Yi-Yu & Wang, Jia-Le & Yan, Jin, 2015. "Evaluation of CO2 removal from a CO2+CH4 gas mixture using gas hydrate formation in liquid water and THF solutions," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 158(C), pages 133-141.
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    3. E. Dendy Sloan, 2003. "Fundamental principles and applications of natural gas hydrates," Nature, Nature, vol. 426(6964), pages 353-359, November.
    4. Veluswamy, Hari Prakash & Kumar, Asheesh & Kumar, Rajnish & Linga, Praveen, 2017. "An innovative approach to enhance methane hydrate formation kinetics with leucine for energy storage application," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 188(C), pages 190-199.
    5. Gregor Rehder & Robert Eckl & Markus Elfgen & Andrzej Falenty & Rainer Hamann & Nina Kähler & Werner F. Kuhs & Hans Osterkamp & Christoph Windmeier, 2012. "Methane Hydrate Pellet Transport Using the Self-Preservation Effect: A Techno-Economic Analysis," Energies, MDPI, vol. 5(7), pages 1-25, July.
    6. Veluswamy, Hari Prakash & Kumar, Asheesh & Seo, Yutaek & Lee, Ju Dong & Linga, Praveen, 2018. "A review of solidified natural gas (SNG) technology for gas storage via clathrate hydrates," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 216(C), pages 262-285.
    7. Kumar, Asheesh & Veluswamy, Hari Prakash & Kumar, Rajnish & Linga, Praveen, 2019. "Direct use of seawater for rapid methane storage via clathrate (sII) hydrates," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 235(C), pages 21-30.
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