Humidity resistant triboelectric nanogenerators for wind energy harvesting: A review

Triboelectric nanogenerators (TENGs) are used to harvest energy from ambient mechanical sources to power generation based on contact-electrification and electrostatic induction. As wind is a clean and ubiquitous source of mechanical energy, this review paper focuses on TENGs that harvest wind energy (Wind-TENGs). The performance of Wind-TENGs may vary depending on the level of ambient humidity, varying between 20 % and 90 % based on weather conditions or geographic position, which needs consideration for their design. This review starts off with the fundamental concepts of TENGs, followed by an evaluation of various Wind-TENG designs and an evaluation of the strength influence of environmental humidity on their performance. A key focus of this paper is the role of superhydrophobic surfaces in reducing the negative effects of humidity on Wind-TENG performance. Unlike other studies, this work methodically investigates the latest advances in the fabrication of superhydrophobic triboelectric surfaces, classifying several fabrication methods and evaluating their efficiency in improving the humidity resistance of Wind-TENGs. By integrating recent research trends and technological developments, this study is a great source for developing next-generation Wind-TENGs with enhanced durability and efficiency in diverse humidity conditions.