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Dissection of hydrogen-rich blast furnace: The continuous reduction and phase migration mechanism of sinter in lumpy zone

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  • Yang, Pan
  • Ye, Shuixin
  • Wang, Fengmei
  • Hu, Xiaodie
  • Zhang, Yuwen
  • Wu, Wenhe
  • Zhu, Kai
  • Lu, Xionggang

Abstract

To mitigate carbon dioxide emissions, hydrogen has been widely utilized in blast furnace (BF). In this study, the continuous reduction and phase migration of sinter in the lumpy zone were investigated by dissecting a 40 m3 hydrogen-rich blast furnace (HBF). The findings demonstrate that injecting hydrogen into the BF significantly broadens the lumpy zone and accelerates sinter reduction. The reduction process was divided into three stages, with reduction rate of 26.37 %, 84.75 %, and 87.07 % in each stage, respectively. Correspondingly, metallization rates reached 5.88 %, 82.28 %, and 84.85 %. Compared to a traditional blast furnace (TBF), the reduction and metallization rates were enhanced by 47.07 % and 69.85 %, respectively. Microstructural analysis revealed the growth of metallic iron and the aggregation of non-ferrous elements, including Al, Ca, and Mg. These results highlight the potential of hydrogen to enhance indirect reduction reactions, providing critical insights for optimizing batching regimes and advancing the transition to more sustainable ironmaking processes.

Suggested Citation

  • Yang, Pan & Ye, Shuixin & Wang, Fengmei & Hu, Xiaodie & Zhang, Yuwen & Wu, Wenhe & Zhu, Kai & Lu, Xionggang, 2025. "Dissection of hydrogen-rich blast furnace: The continuous reduction and phase migration mechanism of sinter in lumpy zone," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 212(C).
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:rensus:v:212:y:2025:i:c:s1364032125000668
    DOI: 10.1016/j.rser.2025.115393
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Pashchenko, Dmitry, 2023. "Hydrogen-rich gas as a fuel for the gas turbines: A pathway to lower CO2 emission," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 173(C).
    2. Pashchenko, Dmitry, 2024. "Green hydrogen as a power plant fuel: What is energy efficiency from production to utilization?," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 223(C).
    3. Pashchenko, Dmitry, 2022. "Natural gas reforming in thermochemical waste-heat recuperation systems: A review," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 251(C).
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