IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/eee/rensus/v134y2020ics1364032120305876.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Buildings’ energy efficiency measures effect on CO2 emissions in combined heating, cooling and electricity production

Author

Listed:
  • Pylsy, Petri
  • Lylykangas, Kimmo
  • Kurnitski, Jarek

Abstract

Valid tools for building designers and building simulation professionals to evaluate transparently CO2 saving potential of energy efficiency measures are needed to achieve CO2 reduction targets. Earlier studies have pointed out existing tools' weak interconnection between buildings and energy systems and the lack of transparency. This study developed and validated a multimode district energy system model including district heating, cooling, CHP and heat pumps, and connection to a national power generation, to evaluate buildings' energy efficiency measures effect on CO2 emissions. A calculation example demonstrates how important it is to take into account an interconnection between buildings and a wider energy system. Implementation of the robust model as a calculation tool is fully reported and validated against the measured data so that it fulfilled the calibration criteria. Calculation tool overestimated regional CO2 emissions only by 3% with small variation and correlation to real data was very good. Calculation example shows that buildings’ energy efficiency measures effect on CO2 emissions was highly dependent on CO2 intensity of marginal national electricity generation and electricity import when regional CHP production exists, and existing building stock was considered. Thus, interconnection between buildings, regional energy production and national electricity generation must be taken into account if regional CHP production and district heating demand changes exist. Annual average CO2 factors failed to provide reliable results when the CO2 saving potential of energy efficiency measures was evaluated and therefore should not be used.

Suggested Citation

  • Pylsy, Petri & Lylykangas, Kimmo & Kurnitski, Jarek, 2020. "Buildings’ energy efficiency measures effect on CO2 emissions in combined heating, cooling and electricity production," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 134(C).
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:rensus:v:134:y:2020:i:c:s1364032120305876
    DOI: 10.1016/j.rser.2020.110299
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1364032120305876
    Download Restriction: Full text for ScienceDirect subscribers only
    File URL: https://libkey.io/10.1016/j.rser.2020.110299?utm_source=ideas
    LibKey link: if access is restricted and if your library uses this service, LibKey will redirect you to where you can use your library subscription to access this item
    ---><---

    As the access to this document is restricted, you may want to search for a different version of it.

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Kristo Helin & Behnam Zakeri & Sanna Syri, 2018. "Is District Heating Combined Heat and Power at Risk in the Nordic Area?—An Electricity Market Perspective," Energies, MDPI, vol. 11(5), pages 1-19, May.
    2. Sonja Salo & Aira Hast & Juha Jokisalo & Risto Kosonen & Sanna Syri & Janne Hirvonen & Kristian Martin, 2019. "The Impact of Optimal Demand Response Control and Thermal Energy Storage on a District Heating System," Energies, MDPI, vol. 12(9), pages 1-19, May.
    3. Alaia Sola & Cristina Corchero & Jaume Salom & Manel Sanmarti, 2018. "Simulation Tools to Build Urban-Scale Energy Models: A Review," Energies, MDPI, vol. 11(12), pages 1-24, November.
    4. Zakeri, Behnam & Syri, Sanna & Rinne, Samuli, 2015. "Higher renewable energy integration into the existing energy system of Finland – Is there any maximum limit?," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 92(P3), pages 244-259.
    5. Roux, Charlotte & Schalbart, Patrick & Assoumou, Edi & Peuportier, Bruno, 2016. "Integrating climate change and energy mix scenarios in LCA of buildings and districts," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 184(C), pages 619-629.
    6. Mastrucci, Alessio & Marvuglia, Antonino & Leopold, Ulrich & Benetto, Enrico, 2017. "Life Cycle Assessment of building stocks from urban to transnational scales: A review," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 74(C), pages 316-332.
    7. Connolly, D. & Lund, H. & Mathiesen, B.V. & Werner, S. & Möller, B. & Persson, U. & Boermans, T. & Trier, D. & Østergaard, P.A. & Nielsen, S., 2014. "Heat Roadmap Europe: Combining district heating with heat savings to decarbonise the EU energy system," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 65(C), pages 475-489.
    8. Germán Ramos Ruiz & Carlos Fernández Bandera, 2017. "Validation of Calibrated Energy Models: Common Errors," Energies, MDPI, vol. 10(10), pages 1-19, October.
    9. Jaakko J. Jääskeläinen & Sakari Höysniemi & Sanna Syri & Veli-Pekka Tynkkynen, 2018. "Finland’s Dependence on Russian Energy—Mutually Beneficial Trade Relations or an Energy Security Threat?," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 10(10), pages 1-25, September.
    10. Allegrini, Jonas & Orehounig, Kristina & Mavromatidis, Georgios & Ruesch, Florian & Dorer, Viktor & Evins, Ralph, 2015. "A review of modelling approaches and tools for the simulation of district-scale energy systems," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 52(C), pages 1391-1404.
    11. Keirstead, James & Jennings, Mark & Sivakumar, Aruna, 2012. "A review of urban energy system models: Approaches, challenges and opportunities," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 16(6), pages 3847-3866.
    12. Manfren, Massimiliano & Caputo, Paola & Costa, Gaia, 2011. "Paradigm shift in urban energy systems through distributed generation: Methods and models," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 88(4), pages 1032-1048, April.
    13. Duquette, Jean & Wild, Peter & Rowe, Andrew, 2014. "The potential benefits of widespread combined heat and power based district energy networks in the province of Ontario," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 67(C), pages 41-51.
    14. Rinne, S. & Syri, S., 2013. "Heat pumps versus combined heat and power production as CO2 reduction measures in Finland," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 57(C), pages 308-318.
    15. Haydt, Gustavo & Leal, Vítor & Pina, André & Silva, Carlos A., 2011. "The relevance of the energy resource dynamics in the mid/long-term energy planning models," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 36(11), pages 3068-3074.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Citations

    Citations are extracted by the CitEc Project, subscribe to its RSS feed for this item.
    as


    Cited by:

    1. Kyung-Woo Lee & Hyo-Mun Lee & Ru-Da Lee & Dong-Su Kim & Jong-Ho Yoon, 2021. "The Impact of Cracks in BIPV Modules on Power Outputs: A Case Study Based on Measured and Simulated Data," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(4), pages 1-17, February.
    2. Khosravi, Fatemeh & Lowes, Richard & Ugalde-Loo, Carlos E., 2023. "Cooling is hotting up in the UK," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 174(C).
    3. Kazemi, Maha Zadeh & Elamer, Ahmed A. & Theodosopoulos, Grigorios & Khatib, Saleh F.A., 2023. "Reinvigorating research on sustainability reporting in the construction industry: A systematic review and future research agenda," Journal of Business Research, Elsevier, vol. 167(C).
    4. Rikkas, Rebecka & Lahdelma, Risto, 2021. "Energy supply and storage optimization for mixed-type buildings," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 231(C).

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Østergaard, P.A. & Lund, H. & Thellufsen, J.Z. & Sorknæs, P. & Mathiesen, B.V., 2022. "Review and validation of EnergyPLAN," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 168(C).
    2. Yazdanie, M. & Orehounig, K., 2021. "Advancing urban energy system planning and modeling approaches: Gaps and solutions in perspective," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 137(C).
    3. Kachirayil, Febin & Weinand, Jann Michael & Scheller, Fabian & McKenna, Russell, 2022. "Reviewing local and integrated energy system models: insights into flexibility and robustness challenges," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 324(C).
    4. Sayegh, M.A. & Danielewicz, J. & Nannou, T. & Miniewicz, M. & Jadwiszczak, P. & Piekarska, K. & Jouhara, H., 2017. "Trends of European research and development in district heating technologies," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 68(P2), pages 1183-1192.
    5. Solène Goy & François Maréchal & Donal Finn, 2020. "Data for Urban Scale Building Energy Modelling: Assessing Impacts and Overcoming Availability Challenges," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(16), pages 1-23, August.
    6. Olkkonen, Ville & Hirvonen, Janne & Heljo, Juhani & Syri, Sanna, 2021. "Effectiveness of building stock sustainability measures in a low-carbon energy system: A scenario analysis for Finland until 2050," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 235(C).
    7. Alaia Sola & Cristina Corchero & Jaume Salom & Manel Sanmarti, 2018. "Simulation Tools to Build Urban-Scale Energy Models: A Review," Energies, MDPI, vol. 11(12), pages 1-24, November.
    8. Camille Pajot & Nils Artiges & Benoit Delinchant & Simon Rouchier & Frédéric Wurtz & Yves Maréchal, 2019. "An Approach to Study District Thermal Flexibility Using Generative Modeling from Existing Data," Energies, MDPI, vol. 12(19), pages 1-22, September.
    9. Popovski, Eftim & Aydemir, Ali & Fleiter, Tobias & Bellstädt, Daniel & Büchele, Richard & Steinbach, Jan, 2019. "The role and costs of large-scale heat pumps in decarbonising existing district heating networks – A case study for the city of Herten in Germany," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 180(C), pages 918-933.
    10. Konsta Värri & Sanna Syri, 2019. "The Possible Role of Modular Nuclear Reactors in District Heating: Case Helsinki Region," Energies, MDPI, vol. 12(11), pages 1-24, June.
    11. Mavromatidis, Georgios & Orehounig, Kristina & Carmeliet, Jan, 2018. "A review of uncertainty characterisation approaches for the optimal design of distributed energy systems," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 88(C), pages 258-277.
    12. Gjorgievski, Vladimir Z. & Cundeva, Snezana & Georghiou, George E., 2021. "Social arrangements, technical designs and impacts of energy communities: A review," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 169(C), pages 1138-1156.
    13. Chang, Miguel & Thellufsen, Jakob Zink & Zakeri, Behnam & Pickering, Bryn & Pfenninger, Stefan & Lund, Henrik & Østergaard, Poul Alberg, 2021. "Trends in tools and approaches for modelling the energy transition," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 290(C).
    14. Gassar, Abdo Abdullah Ahmed & Cha, Seung Hyun, 2021. "Review of geographic information systems-based rooftop solar photovoltaic potential estimation approaches at urban scales," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 291(C).
    15. Tanushree Charan & Christopher Mackey & Ali Irani & Ben Polly & Stephen Ray & Katherine Fleming & Rawad El Kontar & Nathan Moore & Tarek Elgindy & Dylan Cutler & Mostapha Sadeghipour Roudsari & David , 2021. "Integration of Open-Source URBANopt and Dragonfly Energy Modeling Capabilities into Practitioner Workflows for District-Scale Planning and Design," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(18), pages 1-28, September.
    16. Md. Nasimul Islam Maruf, 2019. "Sector Coupling in the North Sea Region—A Review on the Energy System Modelling Perspective," Energies, MDPI, vol. 12(22), pages 1-35, November.
    17. Ma, Weiwu & Xue, Xinpei & Liu, Gang, 2018. "Techno-economic evaluation for hybrid renewable energy system: Application and merits," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 159(C), pages 385-409.
    18. Zakeri, Behnam & Syri, Sanna & Rinne, Samuli, 2015. "Higher renewable energy integration into the existing energy system of Finland – Is there any maximum limit?," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 92(P3), pages 244-259.
    19. Viktor Bukovszki & Ábel Magyari & Marina Kristina Braun & Kitti Párdi & András Reith, 2020. "Energy Modelling as a Trigger for Energy Communities: A Joint Socio-Technical Perspective," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(9), pages 1-44, May.
    20. Martín Mosteiro-Romero & Arno Schlueter, 2021. "Effects of Occupants and Local Air Temperatures as Sources of Stochastic Uncertainty in District Energy System Modeling," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(8), pages 1-30, April.

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:eee:rensus:v:134:y:2020:i:c:s1364032120305876. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: Catherine Liu (email available below). General contact details of provider: http://www.elsevier.com/wps/find/journaldescription.cws_home/600126/description#description .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.