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Nanoparticle emissions from residential wood combustion: A critical literature review, characterization, and recommendations

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  • Trojanowski, Rebecca
  • Fthenakis, Vasilis

Abstract

The increased use of wood as a heating fuel in residential and small commercial buildings has increased concern about potential environmental and safety impacts, specifically particulate matter (PM) emissions in the nanometer range. Larger particles (> 2.5 µm) can be effectively removed from exhaust streams by emission control devices. However, nanoparticles (NP), due to their size, are more difficult to capture in exhaust flue gases. In addition, NPs have a higher surface to volume ratio, allowing them to absorb organic compounds, causing them to be more reactive than their larger counterparts. This review focuses on the NPs produced from residential wood heating devices. Current emission regulations do not reflect the NP count or type produced from residential wood combustion, although most published studies show that a significant portion of the particles produced during combustion is in the nano-size range. Fuel type, device type and combustion periods have all shown to impact, at various degrees, the NPs produced. Contrary to common expectations, it appears that modern units may generate a higher count of NPs, although emitting less particulate mass than older units. This investigation supports arguments of needed particle type and count regulations in addition to the current mass based emission regulations. In addition to a critical review and analysis, recommendations are made regarding future testing, monitoring and environmental impact studies that address the significance of NP emissions.

Suggested Citation

  • Trojanowski, Rebecca & Fthenakis, Vasilis, 2019. "Nanoparticle emissions from residential wood combustion: A critical literature review, characterization, and recommendations," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 103(C), pages 515-528.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:rensus:v:103:y:2019:i:c:p:515-528
    DOI: 10.1016/j.rser.2019.01.007
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Lim, Mook Tzeng & Phan, Anh & Roddy, Dermot & Harvey, Adam, 2015. "Technologies for measurement and mitigation of particulate emissions from domestic combustion of biomass: A review," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 49(C), pages 574-584.
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    1. Jonynas, Rolandas & Puida, Egidijus & Poškas, Robertas & Paukštaitis, Linas & Jouhara, Hussam & Gudzinskas, Juozas & Miliauskas, Gintautas & Lukoševičius, Valdas, 2020. "Renewables for district heating: The case of Lithuania," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 211(C).
    2. Dardati, Evangelina & de Elejalde, Ramiro & Giolito, Eugenio, 2021. "On the Short-Term Impact of Pollution: The Effect of PM 2.5 on Emergency Room Visits," IZA Discussion Papers 14599, Institute of Labor Economics (IZA).
    3. Ghorashi, Seyed Amin & Khandelwal, Bhupendra, 2023. "Toward the ultra-clean and highly efficient biomass-fired heaters. A review," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 205(C), pages 631-647.
    4. Pérez-Orozco, Raquel & Patiño, David & Porteiro, Jacobo & Míguez, José Luis, 2020. "Bed cooling effects in solid particulate matter emissions during biomass combustion. A morphological insight," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 205(C).
    5. Jaworek, A. & Sobczyk, A.T. & Marchewicz, A. & Krupa, A. & Czech, T., 2021. "Particulate matter emission control from small residential boilers after biomass combustion. A review," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 137(C).
    6. Gintautas Miliauskas & Egidijus Puida & Robertas Poškas & Povilas Poškas, 2021. "The Influence of Droplet Dispersity on Droplet Vaporization in the High-Temperature Wet Gas Flow in the Case of Combined Heating," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(7), pages 1-24, March.

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