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Unregulated emissions and health risk potential from biodiesel (KB5, KB20) and methanol blend (M5) fuelled transportation diesel engines

Author

Listed:
  • Agarwal, Avinash Kumar
  • Chandra Shukla, Pravesh
  • Patel, Chetankumar
  • Gupta, Jai Gopal
  • Sharma, Nikhil
  • Prasad, Rajesh Kumar
  • Agarwal, Rashmi A.

Abstract

Diesel engine emissions consist of several harmful gaseous species, some of which are regulated by stringent emission norms, while many others are not. These unregulated emission species are responsible for adverse environmental impact and serious health hazards upon prolonged exposure. In this study, a four-cylinder, 1.4 l, compression ignition (CI) engine was used for characterization of unregulated gaseous exhaust emissions measured at 2500 rpm at varying engine loads (0, 25, 50, 75 and 100%). The test fuels investigated were Karanja biodiesel blended with diesel (KB5, KB20), methanol blended with diesel (M5) and baseline mineral diesel. Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) emission analyzer was used to measure unregulated emission species and raw exhaust gas emission analyzer was used to measure regulated emission species in exhaust. Results show an increasing trend for some of the unregulated species from blends of biodiesel such as formaldehyde, acetaldehyde, ethanol, n-butane however methane reduced upon using these oxygenated fuel blends except methanol, compared to baseline mineral diesel. Nevertheless, no significant changes were observed for sulfur dioxide, iso-butane, n-octane, n-pentane, formic acid, benzene, acetylene and ethylene upon using biodiesel and methanol blends.

Suggested Citation

  • Agarwal, Avinash Kumar & Chandra Shukla, Pravesh & Patel, Chetankumar & Gupta, Jai Gopal & Sharma, Nikhil & Prasad, Rajesh Kumar & Agarwal, Rashmi A., 2016. "Unregulated emissions and health risk potential from biodiesel (KB5, KB20) and methanol blend (M5) fuelled transportation diesel engines," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 98(C), pages 283-291.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:renene:v:98:y:2016:i:c:p:283-291
    DOI: 10.1016/j.renene.2016.03.058
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Agarwal, Avinash Kumar & Dhar, Atul, 2013. "Experimental investigations of performance, emission and combustion characteristics of Karanja oil blends fuelled DICI engine," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 52(C), pages 283-291.
    2. Agarwal, Avinash Kumar & Shukla, Pravesh Chandra & Gupta, Jai Gopal & Patel, Chetankumar & Prasad, Rajesh Kumar & Sharma, Nikhil, 2015. "Unregulated emissions from a gasohol (E5, E15, M5, and M15) fuelled spark ignition engine," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 154(C), pages 732-741.
    3. Campos-Fernández, Javier & Arnal, Juan M. & Gómez, Jose & Dorado, M. Pilar, 2012. "A comparison of performance of higher alcohols/diesel fuel blends in a diesel engine," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 95(C), pages 267-275.
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    2. Zuo, Lei & Wang, Junfeng & Mei, Deqing & Dai, Shengchao & Adu-Mensah, Derick, 2022. "Experimental investigation on combustion and (regulated and unregulated) emissions performance of a common-rail diesel engine using partially hydrogenated biodiesel-ethanol-diesel ternary blend," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 185(C), pages 1272-1283.
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    4. Alharthi, Majed & Hanif, Imran & Alamoudi, Hawazen, 2022. "Impact of environmental pollution on human health and financial status of households in MENA countries: Future of using renewable energy to eliminate the environmental pollution," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 190(C), pages 338-346.
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    6. Wei, L. & Cheung, C.S. & Ning, Z., 2017. "Influence of waste cooking oil biodiesel on combustion, unregulated gaseous emissions and particulate emissions of a direct-injection diesel engine," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 127(C), pages 175-185.
    7. Dhahad, Hayder A. & Chaichan, Miqdam T. & Megaritis, T., 2019. "Performance, regulated and unregulated exhaust emission of a stationary compression ignition engine fueled by water-ULSD emulsion," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 181(C), pages 1036-1050.
    8. Gong, Changming & Si, Xiankai & Wang, Kang & Wei, Fuxing & Liu, Fenghua, 2018. "Numerical analysis of carbon monoxide, formaldehyde and unburned methanol emissions with ozone addition from a direct-injection spark-ignition methanol engine," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 144(C), pages 432-442.
    9. Puneet Verma & Svetlana Stevanovic & Ali Zare & Gaurav Dwivedi & Thuy Chu Van & Morgan Davidson & Thomas Rainey & Richard J. Brown & Zoran D. Ristovski, 2019. "An Overview of the Influence of Biodiesel, Alcohols, and Various Oxygenated Additives on the Particulate Matter Emissions from Diesel Engines," Energies, MDPI, vol. 12(10), pages 1-25, May.

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