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Spatiotemporal variability of ground thermal properties in glacial sediments and implications for horizontal ground heat exchanger design

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  • Naylor, Shawn
  • Ellett, Kevin M.
  • Gustin, Andrew R.

Abstract

Thorough characterization of the spatiotemporal variability in soil thermal properties can facilitate better designs for horizontal geothermal heat pump (HGHP) systems by reducing ground heat exchanger (GHEX) costs. Results are presented from a new monitoring network installed across a range of glaciated terrains in Indiana (USA), including the first known observations of the dynamic range of thermal conductivity that occurs at the depth of horizontal GHEX installations. In situ thermal conductivity data can vary significantly on a seasonal basis in coarse-grained outwash sediments (0.8–1.4 W m−1 K−1), whereas clay- and silt-dominated moraine sediments have a dampened seasonal range within 10% of the annual mean. Thermal conductivity across the network ranges from 0.8 to 2.0 W m−1 K−1 depending on soil parent material, climatic setting, and particularly, soil-moisture variability. Results indicate that the standard industry practice to estimate thermal properties from soil type often leads to suboptimal GHEX design (i.e., GHEX design lengths were 44–52% longer than necessary to meet performance specifications). This research suggests that expanding the characterization of soil thermal properties in specific settings where HGHPs are targeted will improve understanding of the dynamic aspects of ground heat exchange and lead to more optimal HGHP system designs.

Suggested Citation

  • Naylor, Shawn & Ellett, Kevin M. & Gustin, Andrew R., 2015. "Spatiotemporal variability of ground thermal properties in glacial sediments and implications for horizontal ground heat exchanger design," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 81(C), pages 21-30.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:renene:v:81:y:2015:i:c:p:21-30
    DOI: 10.1016/j.renene.2015.03.006
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Pavel Neuberger & Radomír Adamovský & Michaela Šeďová, 2014. "Temperatures and Heat Flows in a Soil Enclosing a Slinky Horizontal Heat Exchanger," Energies, MDPI, vol. 7(2), pages 1-16, February.
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    Cited by:

    1. Cuny, Mathias & Lin, Jian & Siroux, Monica & Fond, Christophe, 2020. "Influence of rainfall events on the energy performance of an earth-air heat exchanger embedded in a multilayered soil," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 147(P2), pages 2664-2675.
    2. Gan, Guohui, 2018. "Dynamic thermal performance of horizontal ground source heat pumps – The impact of coupled heat and moisture transfer," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 152(C), pages 877-887.
    3. Tang, Fujiao & Nowamooz, Hossein, 2020. "Outlet temperatures of a slinky-type Horizontal Ground Heat Exchanger with the atmosphere-soil interaction," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 146(C), pages 705-718.
    4. Al-Ameen, Yasameen & Ianakiev, Anton & Evans, Robert, 2018. "Recycling construction and industrial landfill waste material for backfill in horizontal ground heat exchanger systems," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 151(C), pages 556-568.
    5. Soni, Suresh Kumar & Pandey, Mukesh & Bartaria, Vishvendra Nath, 2016. "Hybrid ground coupled heat exchanger systems for space heating/cooling applications: A review," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 60(C), pages 724-738.
    6. Al-Ameen, Yasameen & Ianakiev, Anton & Evans, Robert, 2017. "Thermal performance of a solar assisted horizontal ground heat exchanger," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 140(P1), pages 1216-1227.
    7. Han, Chanjuan & Yu, Xiong (Bill), 2016. "Performance of a residential ground source heat pump system in sedimentary rock formation," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 164(C), pages 89-98.
    8. Jeon, Jun-Seo & Lee, Seung-Rae & Kim, Min-Jun, 2018. "A modified mathematical model for spiral coil-type horizontal ground heat exchangers," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 152(C), pages 732-743.
    9. Han, Chanjuan & Ellett, Kevin M. & Naylor, Shawn & Yu, Xiong (Bill), 2017. "Influence of local geological data on the performance of horizontal ground-coupled heat pump system integrated with building thermal loads," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 113(C), pages 1046-1055.
    10. Jun-Seo Jeon & Seung-Rae Lee & Min-Jun Kim & Seok Yoon, 2018. "Suggestion of a Scale Factor to Design Spiral-Coil-Type Horizontal Ground Heat Exchangers," Energies, MDPI, vol. 11(10), pages 1-16, October.
    11. Choi, Wonjun & Ooka, Ryozo, 2016. "Effect of natural convection on thermal response test conducted in saturated porous formation: Comparison of gravel-backfilled and cement-grouted borehole heat exchangers," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 96(PA), pages 891-903.
    12. Go, Gyu-Hyun & Lee, Seung-Rae & Yoon, Seok & Kim, Min-Jun, 2016. "Optimum design of horizontal ground-coupled heat pump systems using spiral-coil-loop heat exchangers," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 162(C), pages 330-345.
    13. Chalhoub, Maha & Bernier, Michel & Coquet, Yves & Philippe, Mikael, 2017. "A simple heat and moisture transfer model to predict ground temperature for shallow ground heat exchangers," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 103(C), pages 295-307.
    14. Krzysztof Neupauer & Sebastian Pater & Krzysztof Kupiec, 2018. "Study of Ground Heat Exchangers in the Form of Parallel Horizontal Pipes Embedded in the Ground," Energies, MDPI, vol. 11(3), pages 1-16, February.

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