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Transient overvoltage phenomena on the control system of wind turbines due to lightning strike

Author

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  • Jiang, Jheng-Lun
  • Chang, Hong-Chan
  • Kuo, Cheng-Chien
  • Huang, Cheng-Kai

Abstract

This study proposes a simulation process for lightning protection. In addition, it analyzes and proposes lightning protection methods by simulating the effects of transient over-voltage on the control system that occur when lightning directly strikes a wind turbine. This study used Electro Magnetic Transient Program/Alternative Transient Program (EMTP/ATP) to build a lightning model and a tower-control line model according to actual wind turbine structures and local lightning characteristics in Taoyuan, Taiwan. Various lightning strikes and ground resistances were simulated with consideration to whether the tower and the control system were individual or interconnected ground systems to observe transient phenomena in the control line. The transient over-voltage of the insulating layer and conductor of the control line, and the coupling voltage between the control line and the tower were analyzed based on three simulation cases to propose lightning protection methods that are applicable to Taoyuan. Consequently, an applicable lightning protection method for wind turbines was developed according to requirements of the different installation sites, and the lightning information and a decision maker were used to estimate the degree of protection. Specific proposals can be made using the method proposed in this study, avoiding waste in lightning protection.

Suggested Citation

  • Jiang, Jheng-Lun & Chang, Hong-Chan & Kuo, Cheng-Chien & Huang, Cheng-Kai, 2013. "Transient overvoltage phenomena on the control system of wind turbines due to lightning strike," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 57(C), pages 181-189.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:renene:v:57:y:2013:i:c:p:181-189
    DOI: 10.1016/j.renene.2013.01.020
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Rodrigues, R.B. & Mendes, V.M.F. & Catalão, J.P.S., 2012. "Protection of interconnected wind turbines against lightning effects: Overvoltages and electromagnetic transients study," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 46(C), pages 232-240.
    2. Lin, Chyou-Jong & Yu, Oliver S. & Chang, Chung-Liang & Liu, Yuin-Hong & Chuang, Yuh-Fa & Lin, Yu-Liang, 2009. "Challenges of wind farms connection to future power systems in Taiwan," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 34(8), pages 1926-1930.
    3. Chang, Tsang-Jung & Wu, Yu-Ting & Hsu, Hua-Yi & Chu, Chia-Ren & Liao, Chun-Min, 2003. "Assessment of wind characteristics and wind turbine characteristics in Taiwan," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 28(6), pages 851-871.
    4. Rodrigues, R.B. & Mendes, V.M.F. & Catalão, J.P.S., 2011. "Protection of wind energy systems against the indirect effects of lightning," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 36(11), pages 2888-2896.
    5. Kaldellis, John K. & Zafirakis, D., 2011. "The wind energy (r)evolution: A short review of a long history," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 36(7), pages 1887-1901.
    6. Radičević, Branko M. & Savić, Milan S. & Madsen, Søren Find & Badea, Ion, 2012. "Impact of wind turbine blade rotation on the lightning strike incidence – A theoretical and experimental study using a reduced-size model," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 45(1), pages 644-654.
    7. Cavka, Damir & Poljak, Dragan & Doric, Vicko & Goic, Ranko, 2012. "Transient analysis of grounding systems for wind turbines," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 43(C), pages 284-291.
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    Cited by:

    1. Shariatinasab, Reza & Kermani, Behzad & Gholinezhad, Javad, 2019. "Transient modeling of the wind farms in order to analysis the lightning related overvoltages," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 132(C), pages 1151-1166.
    2. Hosseini, S.M Amin & Mohammadirad, Amir & Shayegani Akmal, Amir Abbas, 2022. "Surge analysis on wind farm considering lightning strike to multi-blade," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 186(C), pages 312-326.
    3. Hetita, Ibrahim & Zalhaf, Amr S. & Mansour, Diaa-Eldin A. & Han, Yang & Yang, Ping & Wang, Congling, 2022. "Modeling and protection of photovoltaic systems during lightning strikes: A review," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 184(C), pages 134-148.
    4. Petar Sarajcev & Antun Meglic & Ranko Goic, 2021. "Lightning Overvoltage Protection of Step-Up Transformer Inside a Nacelle of Onshore New-Generation Wind Turbines," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(2), pages 1-20, January.
    5. Malcolm, Newman & Aggarwal, Raj K., 2015. "The impact of multiple lightning strokes on the energy absorbed by MOV surge arresters in wind farms during direct lightning strikes," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 83(C), pages 1305-1314.

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