Renewable energy and climate change mitigation: A legal framework for sustainable transitions in Nigeria and beyond

This paper examines how Nigerian laws have been utilised to promote electricity generation from renewable energy sources as a means of addressing climate change. It explores the intricate interconnection between laws and the advancement of renewable energy programmes. Amidst inadequate energy access and significant emissions levels, Nigeria finds itself at a critical stage of energy law transition. Employing doctrinal legal research methodology, the study analyses existing Nigerian renewable energy laws and relevant international legal instruments to assess the prospects and challenges in this sector. A key finding is the absence of an integrated legal framework necessary for fostering an enabling environment for renewable energy deployment. The paper proposes a hybrid legal model that incorporates statutory reforms, regulatory incentives, and multi-stakeholder engagement. It further argues that Nigeria's over-reliance on fossil fuels impedes the growth of renewable energy, contravening its commitments under the Paris Agreement 2015. Beyond diagnosing challenges, the study outlines opportunities for growth, recommending the establishment of a specialised renewable energy statutory authority to oversee renewable energy development. It also advances policy and legal strategies for promoting investment, ensuring a just and sustainable energy transition, and creating a favourable environment for foreign direct investment, thereby enhancing Nigeria's energy security and economic resilience.