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Comprehensive analysis of fixed tilt and dual-axis tracking photovoltaic systems for enhanced grid integration and energy efficiency

Author

Listed:
  • Eiva, Umme Riazul Jannat
  • Chowdury, Tanzi Ahmed
  • Islam, Sikder Sunbeam
  • Ullah, Aasim
  • Tuli, Jubaida Nahar
  • Islam, Mohammad Tariqul

Abstract

In the pursuit of sustainable energy, solar photovoltaic (PV) systems are vital for meeting rising electricity demands while minimizing environmental impact. This study presents a detailed techno-economic comparison between fixed tilt and dual-axis tracking PV systems installed on a 335 m2 industrial rooftop, both using identical 670 W monocrystalline panels and 30 kW grid-tied inverters. Using site-specific solar irradiance data, key performance metrics such as shadow losses, energy injected into the grid, performance ratio (PR), specific yield, levelized cost of energy (LCOE), net present value (NPV), and return on investment (ROI) were evaluated. The dual-axis system demonstrated superior performance, generating approximately 26 MWh more energy annually, with a higher specific yield of 1784.5 kWh/kWp/year compared to 1426.5 kWh/kWp/year for the fixed system. Financially, it achieved a shorter payback period of 5.2 years, a greater ROI of 382.6 % versus 281.9 %, and a reduced LCOE of 0.020 USD/kWh compared to 0.025 USD/kWh. These findings underscore the enhanced efficiency and economic viability of dual-axis systems, offering valuable insights for optimizing rooftop solar installations and promoting the adoption of intelligent tracking technologies in sustainable energy planning.

Suggested Citation

  • Eiva, Umme Riazul Jannat & Chowdury, Tanzi Ahmed & Islam, Sikder Sunbeam & Ullah, Aasim & Tuli, Jubaida Nahar & Islam, Mohammad Tariqul, 2026. "Comprehensive analysis of fixed tilt and dual-axis tracking photovoltaic systems for enhanced grid integration and energy efficiency," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 256(PB).
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:renene:v:256:y:2026:i:pb:s0960148125015290
    DOI: 10.1016/j.renene.2025.123865
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Md. Shafiul Alam & Tanzi Ahmed Chowdhury & Abhishak Dhar & Fahad Saleh Al-Ismail & M. S. H. Choudhury & Md Shafiullah & Md. Ismail Hossain & Md. Alamgir Hossain & Aasim Ullah & Syed Masiur Rahman, 2023. "Solar and Wind Energy Integrated System Frequency Control: A Critical Review on Recent Developments," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(2), pages 1-31, January.
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    4. Yang, Ying & Campana, Pietro Elia & Stridh, Bengt & Yan, Jinyue, 2020. "Potential analysis of roof-mounted solar photovoltaics in Sweden," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 279(C).
    5. Salazar, Germán & Gueymard, Christian & Galdino, Janis Bezerra & de Castro Vilela, Olga & Fraidenraich, Naum, 2020. "Solar irradiance time series derived from high-quality measurements, satellite-based models, and reanalyses at a near-equatorial site in Brazil," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 117(C).
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