The optimal micro- and meso-pores oriented development of Eucommia ulmoides oliver wood derived activated carbons for capacitive performance

The optimization of pore characteristics is of pivotal importance for enhancing the capacitive performance of activated carbons (ACs) in supercapacitor applications. This study delved into the impact of porous structures, developed through varying activation temperatures (350–850 ֩C), on capacitive performance of wood derived activated carbons (ACs). Our findings revealed that AC350, possessing the highest micropore surface area (Smicro) of 903.38 m2 g-1 and a micropore volume (Vmicro) of 0.43 cm3g-1, exhibited the lowest specific capacitance (SC) of 13 Fg-1. This suggests that a higher SC is not significantly associated with a greater quantity of micropores. Conversely, AC850, with a peak Smeso of 1472.89 m2 g-1 and Vmeso of 1.24 cm3g-1, demonstrate a SC of only 83 Fg-1, indicating that the higher SC is not significantly correlated with an increased amount of mesopores either. However, AC650 displayed an optimal SC of 123 Fg-1, with an ideal Smeso/Smicro ratio of 2.16 and Vmeso/Vmicro ratio of 5.50. This underscores that the superior capacitive performance of ACs based electrode materials is intricately linked to an effective amalgamation of micro- and meso-pores. By strategically manipulating the pore composite structure to augment the charge storage capability of activated carbon electrode materials, we can enhance the energy density of capacitors. This advancement is poised to further propel the application of biomass-derived activated carbon and its composite capacitor technology in energy storage domains.