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Unraveling the role of alkali metal in the biochar for enhancing the chemical looping ammonia generation efficiency

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  • Xiong, Chuhao
  • Wu, Jin
  • Ji, Zhengang
  • Wu, Ye
  • Liu, Dong

Abstract

Chemical looping ammonia generation (CLAG), efficiently converting C-based material, N2 and H2O into NH3 and CO, is considered to be one of the promising NH3 production technologies. Using biochar as the C-based material is supposed to further improve the “green” level of NH3 but there is rare report about that. This paper was desired to fill this gap. Peanut shell biochar, lotus shell biochar and corncob biochar were used to study the chemical looping ammonia generation performances of the N-support. It was found that metals contained in the biochar significantly affected the nitridation process; alkali metals were simulative while alkaline-earth metals were inhibitory, which indicated that the corncob biochar exhibit the best nitriding properties. In addition, K, with the best positive effect for nitridation, was found to be with negligible negative effect for ammoniation. Furthermore, the carbon conversion efficiency and NH3 production could be still improved by 8.46 % and 9.23 % if the corncob biochar was modified with 2 wt% K (simulating 120 cycles of nitridation/ammoniation reaction). The obtained results indicated that the biochar is a promising carbon source for CLAG.

Suggested Citation

  • Xiong, Chuhao & Wu, Jin & Ji, Zhengang & Wu, Ye & Liu, Dong, 2024. "Unraveling the role of alkali metal in the biochar for enhancing the chemical looping ammonia generation efficiency," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 220(C).
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:renene:v:220:y:2024:i:c:s0960148123016051
    DOI: 10.1016/j.renene.2023.119690
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Fang, Jing & Xiong, Chuhao & Feng, Mingqian & Wu, Ye & Liu, Dong, 2022. "Utilization of carbon-based energy as raw material instead of fuel with low CO2 emissions: Energy analyses and process integration of chemical looping ammonia generation," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 312(C).
    2. Xiong, Chuhao & Wu, Ye & Feng, Mingqian & Fang, Jing & Liu, Dong & Shen, Laihong & Argyle, Morris D. & A. M. Gasem, Khaled & Fan, Maohong, 2022. "High thermal stability Si-Al based N-carrier for efficient and stable chemical looping ammonia generation," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 323(C).
    3. Wang, Xiaoyu & Su, Mingze & Zhao, Haibo, 2021. "Process design and exergy cost analysis of a chemical looping ammonia generation system using AlN/Al2O3 as a nitrogen carrier," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 230(C).
    4. Cheng, Jie & Hu, Sheng-Chun & Sun, Guo-Tao & Kang, Kang & Zhu, Ming-Qiang & Geng, Zeng-Chao, 2021. "Comparison of activated carbons prepared by one-step and two-step chemical activation process based on cotton stalk for supercapacitors application," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 215(PB).
    5. Jong-Hoon Kim & Tian-Yi Dai & Mihyun Yang & Jeong-Min Seo & Jae Seong Lee & Do Hyung Kweon & Xing-You Lang & Kyuwook Ihm & Tae Joo Shin & Gao-Feng Han & Qing Jiang & Jong-Beom Baek, 2023. "Achieving volatile potassium promoted ammonia synthesis via mechanochemistry," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 14(1), pages 1-9, December.
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