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Adaptive harnessing damping in hydrokinetic energy conversion by two rough tandem-cylinders using flow-induced vibrations

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  • Sun, Hai
  • Bernitsas, Marinos M.
  • Turkol, Mert

Abstract

Alternating lift technology (ALT) harnesses hydrokinetic energy from currents and tides and is different from conventional steady lift technologies (turbines). ALT is still under development with an important research issue being the mitigation of wake effect on downstream cylinders in Flow Induced Oscillations (FIO) of multi-cylinder Current Energy Converters (CEC). Rather than adjust the configuration/parameters of the converter, a more direct and effective way is to actively adjust the harnessed power. In this paper, a hydrokinetic energy converter using FIO of two cylinders in tandem in one-degree-of-freedom oscillators, with nonlinear adaptive damping and linear spring stiffness, is tested experimentally. FIO include Vortex Induced Vibrations (VIV), galloping, and their coexistence. Introducing adaptive damping into the tandem cylinders overcomes the shielding effect, which previous research on two tandem cylinders has shown to reduce power output by the downstream cylinder. Shielding along with fixed damping result either in ceasing motion due to excessive damping, or in low harnessed energy due to insufficient damping. In this experimental study, damping-to-velocity rate, linear spring-stiffness, cylinder spacing, and flow-velocity are the parameters with Reynolds number 30,000 ≤ Re ≤ 120,000. Comparison to linear-oscillators in FIO shows that this nonlinear converter, with velocity-proportional damping coefficient, is more effective over the entire FIO range but especially in galloping, where both flow and cylinder speeds are higher. Experimental results for energy harvesting, efficiency and instantaneous energy of the converter are presented and discussed supported by amplitude and frequency response data. The results show that the nonlinear, adaptive, velocity-proportional damping coefficient is an effective way to increase the overall harnessed power and the power of downstream cylinder. The harnessed power in the VIV to galloping transition increases by up to 94%. The most significant improvement is in the galloping region, where the increase in harnessed power and efficiency is around 33%.

Suggested Citation

  • Sun, Hai & Bernitsas, Marinos M. & Turkol, Mert, 2020. "Adaptive harnessing damping in hydrokinetic energy conversion by two rough tandem-cylinders using flow-induced vibrations," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 149(C), pages 828-860.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:renene:v:149:y:2020:i:c:p:828-860
    DOI: 10.1016/j.renene.2019.12.076
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Sun, Hai & Ma, Chunhui & Bernitsas, Michael M., 2018. "Hydrokinetic power conversion using Flow Induced Vibrations with cubic restoring force," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 153(C), pages 490-508.
    2. Sun, Hai & Kim, Eun Soo & Nowakowski, Gary & Mauer, Erik & Bernitsas, Michael M., 2016. "Effect of mass-ratio, damping, and stiffness on optimal hydrokinetic energy conversion of a single, rough cylinder in flow induced motions," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 99(C), pages 936-959.
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    4. Sun, Hai & Ma, Chunhui & Bernitsas, Michael M., 2018. "Hydrokinetic power conversion using Flow Induced Vibrations with nonlinear (adaptive piecewise-linear) springs," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 143(C), pages 1085-1106.
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    Cited by:

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    3. Park, Hongrae & Mentzelopoulos, Andreas P. & Bernitsas, Michael M., 2023. "Hydrokinetic energy harvesting from slow currents using flow-induced oscillations," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 214(C), pages 242-254.
    4. Tamimi, V. & Wu, J. & Esfehani, M.J. & Zeinoddini, M. & Naeeni, S.T.O., 2022. "Comparison of hydrokinetic energy harvesting performance of a fluttering hydrofoil against other Flow-Induced Vibration (FIV) mechanisms," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 186(C), pages 157-172.
    5. Rashki, M.R. & Hejazi, K. & Tamimi, V. & Zeinoddini, M. & Bagherpour, P. & Aalami Harandi, M.M., 2023. "Electromagnetic energy harvesting from 2DOF-VIV of circular oscillators: Impacts of soft marine fouling," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 282(C).
    6. Zhang, Baoshou & Li, Boyang & Li, Canpeng & Yu, Haidong & Wang, Dezheng & Shi, Renhe, 2023. "Effects of variable damping on hydrokinetic energy conversion of a cylinder using wake-induced vibration," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 213(C), pages 176-194.
    7. Yanfang Lv & Liping Sun & Michael M. Bernitsas & Mengjie Jiang & Hai Sun, 2021. "Modelling of a Flow-Induced Oscillation, Two-Cylinder, Hydrokinetic Energy Converter Based on Experimental Data," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(4), pages 1-24, February.

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