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In-situ evaluation of the early PV module degradation of various technologies under harsh climatic conditions: The case of Morocco

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  • Bouaichi, Abdellatif
  • Alami Merrouni, Ahmed
  • Hajjaj, Charaf
  • Messaoudi, Choukri
  • Ghennioui, Abdellatif
  • Benlarabi, Ahmed
  • Ikken, Badr
  • El Amrani, Aumeur
  • Zitouni, Houssin

Abstract

At an early stage of Photovoltaic (PV) plant project development, different aspects need to be investigated to ensure an efficient integration of this technology in the energy mix. The PV modules are one of the important components in a PV plant. Thus, they should operate reliably and above 80% of their rated power output, for at least 25 years. Harsh climate, like the one in Morocco, affects the durability of the PV modules. This issue needs to be deeply investigated. In this paper, field degradation data of 76 modules, from four of the most used technologies in the market, have been measured and analysed after 3 years of outdoor exposition. Results show that the annual mean power degradation rates (Rd) over the operation period are as follows: 0.05%/y for Copper Indium Selenide (CIS), 2.21%/y for micro-morph and 2.6%/y for monocrystalline (m-Si). As for polycrystalline (p-Si), the Rd measured was of 1.45%/y and 3.41%/y depending on the manufacturer. This is the first study dealing with PV modules durability in Morocco, and we believe that these results will be useful for researchers and project developers to get an idea about the PV durability in Morocco, and to add the found Rd values into consideration in the projects prefeasibility study.

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  • Bouaichi, Abdellatif & Alami Merrouni, Ahmed & Hajjaj, Charaf & Messaoudi, Choukri & Ghennioui, Abdellatif & Benlarabi, Ahmed & Ikken, Badr & El Amrani, Aumeur & Zitouni, Houssin, 2019. "In-situ evaluation of the early PV module degradation of various technologies under harsh climatic conditions: The case of Morocco," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 143(C), pages 1500-1518.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:renene:v:143:y:2019:i:c:p:1500-1518
    DOI: 10.1016/j.renene.2019.05.091
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    2. Ben Seddik, Z. & Ben Taher, M.A. & Laknizi, A. & Ahachad, M. & Bahraoui, F. & Mahdaoui, M., 2022. "Hybridization of Taguchi method and genetic algorithm to optimize a PVT in different Moroccan climatic zones," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 250(C).
    3. Singh, Shravan Kumar & Chander, Nikhil, 2022. "Mid-life degradation evaluation of polycrystalline Si solar photovoltaic modules in a 100 kWp grid-tied system in east-central India," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 199(C), pages 351-367.
    4. Alami Merrouni, Ahmed & Conceição, Ricardo & Mouaky, Ammar & Silva, Hugo Gonçalves & Ghennioui, Abdellatif, 2020. "CSP performance and yield analysis including soiling measurements for Morocco and Portugal," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 162(C), pages 1777-1792.
    5. Pramod Rajput & Maria Malvoni & Nallapaneni Manoj Kumar & O. S. Sastry & Arunkumar Jayakumar, 2020. "Operational Performance and Degradation Influenced Life Cycle Environmental–Economic Metrics of mc-Si, a-Si and HIT Photovoltaic Arrays in Hot Semi-arid Climates," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 12(3), pages 1-20, February.
    6. Ameur, Arechkik & Berrada, Asmae & Bouaichi, Abdellatif & Loudiyi, Khalid, 2022. "Long-term performance and degradation analysis of different PV modules under temperate climate," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 188(C), pages 37-51.
    7. Bouaichi, Abdellatif & Merrouni, Ahmed Alami & El Amrani, Aumeur & Jaeckel, Bengt & Hajjaj, Charaf & Naimi, Zakaria & Messaoudi, Choukri, 2022. "Long-term experiment on p-type crystalline PV module with potential induced degradation: Impact on power performance and evaluation of recovery mode," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 183(C), pages 472-479.
    8. Abdulwahab A. Q. Hasan & Ammar Ahmed Alkahtani & Seyed Ahmad Shahahmadi & Mohammad Nur E. Alam & Mohammad Aminul Islam & Nowshad Amin, 2021. "Delamination-and Electromigration-Related Failures in Solar Panels—A Review," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(12), pages 1-23, June.
    9. Hassan Daher, Daha & Gaillard, Léon & Ménézo, Christophe, 2022. "Experimental assessment of long-term performance degradation for a PV power plant operating in a desert maritime climate," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 187(C), pages 44-55.
    10. Sina Herceg & Ismail Kaaya & Julián Ascencio-Vásquez & Marie Fischer & Karl-Anders Weiß & Liselotte Schebek, 2022. "The Influence of Different Degradation Characteristics on the Greenhouse Gas Emissions of Silicon Photovoltaics: A Threefold Analysis," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(10), pages 1-15, May.
    11. Bouaichi, Abdellatif & El Amrani, Aumeur & Ouhadou, Malika & Lfakir, Aberrazak & Messaoudi, Choukri, 2020. "In-situ performance and degradation of three different photovoltaic module technologies installed in arid climate of Morocco," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 190(C).

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