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Passive strategies used in Southern Portugal vernacular rammed earth buildings and their influence in thermal performance

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  • Fernandes, Jorge
  • Mateus, Ricardo
  • Gervásio, Helena
  • Silva, Sandra M.
  • Bragança, Luís

Abstract

In Portugal, there is a lack of quantitative studies on the thermal performance of earthen buildings. This paper aims at contributing to this research context by studying site-specific strategies, and the thermal performance and comfort conditions of a rammed earth building located in southern Portugal. The study is based on objective and subjective assessments and consists of assessing the hygrothermal conditions, thermal comfort levels and analysing the occupants' perception regarding thermal sensation. The results showed that the strategies used are closely related to local conditions, mitigating the effects of high summer temperatures and ensuring a good summer thermal performance by passive means alone. During the summer monitoring, results showed that the building stayed most of the time (80%) in Category I (high level of expectation) and the remaining time in Category II, according to the classification method defined by the standard EN15251. During the winter period, the building had the worst performance, being necessary a heating system to guarantee comfort conditions. Additionally, the results showed that the good thermal performance of the case study depended more on the high thermal inertia than on the U-value of the envelope. Limitations and advantages of the use of earthen construction elements are discussed.

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  • Fernandes, Jorge & Mateus, Ricardo & Gervásio, Helena & Silva, Sandra M. & Bragança, Luís, 2019. "Passive strategies used in Southern Portugal vernacular rammed earth buildings and their influence in thermal performance," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 142(C), pages 345-363.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:renene:v:142:y:2019:i:c:p:345-363
    DOI: 10.1016/j.renene.2019.04.098
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Ürge-Vorsatz, Diana & Cabeza, Luisa F. & Serrano, Susana & Barreneche, Camila & Petrichenko, Ksenia, 2015. "Heating and cooling energy trends and drivers in buildings," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 41(C), pages 85-98.
    2. Chandel, S.S. & Sharma, Vandna & Marwah, Bhanu M., 2016. "Review of energy efficient features in vernacular architecture for improving indoor thermal comfort conditions," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 65(C), pages 459-477.
    3. Verbeke, Stijn & Audenaert, Amaryllis, 2018. "Thermal inertia in buildings: A review of impacts across climate and building use," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 82(P3), pages 2300-2318.
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    Cited by:

    1. Nyasha Bema & Bertug Ozarisoy, 2024. "Bibliometric Review of Passive Cooling Design Strategies and Global Thermal Comfort Assessment: Theories, Methods and Tools," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 16(22), pages 1-39, November.
    2. Jorge Fernandes & Raphaele Malheiro & Maria de Fátima Castro & Helena Gervásio & Sandra Monteiro Silva & Ricardo Mateus, 2020. "Thermal Performance and Comfort Condition Analysis in a Vernacular Building with a Glazed Balcony," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(3), pages 1-29, February.
    3. Widera, Barbara, 2021. "Comparative analysis of user comfort and thermal performance of six types of vernacular dwellings as the first step towards climate resilient, sustainable and bioclimatic architecture in western sub-S," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 140(C).
    4. Joana Gonçalves & Ricardo Mateus & José Dinis Silvestre & Ana Pereira Roders, 2020. "Going beyond Good Intentions for the Sustainable Conservation of Built Heritage: A Systematic Literature Review," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 12(22), pages 1-28, November.
    5. Yang, Jianming & Lin, Zhongqi & Wu, Huijun & Chen, Qingchun & Xu, Xinhua & Huang, Gongsheng & Fan, Liseng & Shen, Xujun & Gan, Keming, 2020. "Inverse optimization of building thermal resistance and capacitance for minimizing air conditioning loads," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 148(C), pages 975-986.
    6. Teresa Gil-Piqueras & Pablo Rodríguez-Navarro, 2021. "Tradition and Sustainability in Vernacular Architecture of Southeast Morocco," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(2), pages 1-18, January.
    7. Jiang, Wei & Jin, Yang & Liu, Gongliang & Li, Qing & Li, Dong, 2023. "Passive nearly zero energy retrofits of rammed earth rural residential buildings based on energy efficiency and cost-effectiveness analysis," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 180(C).
    8. Zhao, Xi & Nie, Ping & Zhu, Jiayin & Tong, Liping & Liu, Yingfang, 2020. "Evaluation of thermal environments for cliff-side cave dwellings in cold region of China," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 158(C), pages 154-166.
    9. Qinglong Gao & Tao Wu & Lei Liu & Yong Yao & Bin Jiang, 2022. "Prediction of Wall and Indoor Hygrothermal Properties of Rammed Earth Folk House in Northwest Sichuan," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(5), pages 1-16, March.
    10. Livia Cosentino & Jorge Fernandes & Ricardo Mateus, 2023. "A Review of Natural Bio-Based Insulation Materials," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(12), pages 1-21, June.
    11. Genovese, P.V. & Zoure, A.N., 2023. "Architecture trends and challenges in sub-Saharan Africa's construction industry: A theoretical guideline of a bioclimatic architecture evolution based on the multi-scale approach and circular economy," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 184(C).
    12. Elisabete R. Teixeira & Gilberto Machado & Adilson de P. Junior & Christiane Guarnier & Jorge Fernandes & Sandra M. Silva & Ricardo Mateus, 2020. "Mechanical and Thermal Performance Characterisation of Compressed Earth Blocks," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(11), pages 1-22, June.
    13. Alexey Maslakov & Ksenia Sotnikova & Gleb Gribovskii & Dmitry Evlanov, 2022. "Thermal Simulation of Ice Cellars as a Basis for Food Security and Energy Sustainability of Isolated Indigenous Communities in the Arctic," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(3), pages 1-16, January.
    14. Mu, Jun & Yu, Shenwei & Hao, Shimeng, 2023. "Quantitative evaluation of thermal conductivity of earth materials with different particle size distributions," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 184(C).

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