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Synthesis of calcium materials in biochar matrix as a highly stable catalyst for biodiesel production

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  • Wang, Shuxiao
  • Shan, Rui
  • Wang, Yazhuo
  • Lu, Lili
  • Yuan, Haoran

Abstract

In this study, the biochar which was obtained from peat was modified and served as the support for the preparation of cost-effective solid base catalysts for the transesterification reaction. The composition, structure and texture of prepared catalysts were examined by scanning electron microscope (SEM), energy dispersive spectrometer (EDS), N2 adsorption/desorption, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and the Hammett indicator method. It was found that the surface area and pore volume of the peat biochar were increased significantly (from 80.25 m2/g and 105.36 mm3/g to 230.86 m2/g and 296.23 mm3/g, respectively) by chemical activation treatment with KOH. The best performance is observed for the resulting 30Ca/APB-700 catalyst (30% CaO loading and 700 °C calcination temperature), and over biodiesel yield of 93.4% was achieved at catalyst amount of 5 wt.%, methanol/oil molar ratio of 8:1 and reaction time of 150 min. Besides, after reused for 10 cycles, the catalytic efficiency had a slight deactivation in biodiesel production (above 81.6% of yield obtained). The high stability of catalyst was mainly attributed to the formation of CaOSi bond on the catalyst surface.

Suggested Citation

  • Wang, Shuxiao & Shan, Rui & Wang, Yazhuo & Lu, Lili & Yuan, Haoran, 2019. "Synthesis of calcium materials in biochar matrix as a highly stable catalyst for biodiesel production," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 130(C), pages 41-49.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:renene:v:130:y:2019:i:c:p:41-49
    DOI: 10.1016/j.renene.2018.06.047
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Hernández, J.J. & Saffe, A. & Collado, R. & Monedero, E., 2020. "Recirculation of char from biomass gasification: Effects on gasifier performance and end-char properties," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 147(P1), pages 806-813.
    2. Niu, Shengli & Zhang, Xiangyu & Ning, Yilin & Zhang, Yujiao & Qu, Tongxin & Hu, Xun & Gong, Zhiqiang & Lu, Chunmei, 2020. "Dolomite incorporated with cerium to enhance the stability in catalyzing transesterification for biodiesel production," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 154(C), pages 107-116.
    3. Zhang, Zhikun & Zhu, Zongyuan & Shen, Boxiong & Liu, Lina, 2019. "Insights into biochar and hydrochar production and applications: A review," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 171(C), pages 581-598.
    4. Wang, Shuxiao & Shan, Rui & Lu, Tao & Zhang, Yuyuan & Yuan, Haoran & Chen, Yong, 2020. "Pyrolysis char derived from waste peat for catalytic reforming of tar model compound," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 263(C).
    5. di Bitonto, Luigi & Reynel-Ávila, Hilda Elizabeth & Mendoza-Castillo, Didilia Ileana & Bonilla-Petriciolet, Adrián & Durán-Valle, Carlos J. & Pastore, Carlo, 2020. "Synthesis and characterization of nanostructured calcium oxides supported onto biochar and their application as catalysts for biodiesel production," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 160(C), pages 52-66.
    6. Shukla, Parul & Giri, Balendu Shekhar & Mishra, Rakesh K. & Pandey, Ashok & Chaturvedi, Preeti, 2021. "Lignocellulosic biomass-based engineered biochar composites: A facile strategy for abatement of emerging pollutants and utilization in industrial applications," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 152(C).
    7. Yang, Fu & Hu, Hongyun & Gao, Qiang & Yang, Yuhan & Tang, Hua & Xie, Kang & Liu, Huan & He, Yao & Yao, Hong, 2020. "Study on the influence of small molecular gases on toluene reforming in molten salt," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 153(C), pages 832-839.
    8. Alaei, Shervin & Haghighi, Mohammad & Rahmanivahid, Behgam & Shokrani, Reza & Naghavi, Hossein, 2020. "Conventional vs. hybrid methods for dispersion of MgO over magnetic Mg–Fe mixed oxides nanocatalyst in biofuel production from vegetable oil," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 154(C), pages 1188-1203.

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