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Effective leadership for crowd evacuation

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  • Ma, Yi
  • Yuen, Richard Kwok Kit
  • Lee, Eric Wai Ming

Abstract

Evacuation leaders (individuals guiding the crowd) can make crowd evacuation more efficient. Selecting their number and positions within the crowd is particularly important when the other evacuees are not familiar with the internal layout of the building. This paper investigates the effects of leadership on crowd evacuation in rooms with limited visibility range by an extended social force model. We find that, (i) For a large evacuees crowd, a small proportion of the evacuation leaders is already sufficient to guide the whole crowd efficiently, even if the visibility range of the room is very limited. And the smaller the crowd size, the larger the proportion of the leaders is needed to achieve a satisfactory evacuation guidance. (ii) The optimal proportion or number (i.e., the proportion or number that is necessary for guiding the crowd) of the leaders in an evacuees crowd to achieve a satisfactory guidance is related to the visibility range of the room and the distribution range of the evacuees crowd. (iii) Leadership is not always positive to the crowd evacuation. It may have a negative effect on crowd evacuation when the visibility range of the room and the size of the evacuees crowd are large enough. The findings provide a new insight into the effects of leadership on crowd evacuation.

Suggested Citation

  • Ma, Yi & Yuen, Richard Kwok Kit & Lee, Eric Wai Ming, 2016. "Effective leadership for crowd evacuation," Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications, Elsevier, vol. 450(C), pages 333-341.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:phsmap:v:450:y:2016:i:c:p:333-341
    DOI: 10.1016/j.physa.2015.12.103
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    Cited by:

    1. Dong, Shiyu & Huang, Ping & Wang, Wei, 2022. "An optimization method for evacuation guidance under limited visual field," Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications, Elsevier, vol. 607(C).
    2. Guo, Fang & Li, Xingli & Kuang, Hua & Bai, Yang & Zhou, Huaguo, 2016. "An extended cost potential field cellular automata model considering behavior variation of pedestrian flow," Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications, Elsevier, vol. 462(C), pages 630-640.
    3. Miyagawa, Daiki & Ichinose, Genki, 2020. "Cellular automaton model with turning behavior in crowd evacuation," Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications, Elsevier, vol. 549(C).
    4. Ji, Jingwei & Lu, Ligang & Jin, Zihao & Wei, Shoupeng & Ni, Lu, 2018. "A cellular automata model for high-density crowd evacuation using triangle grids," Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications, Elsevier, vol. 509(C), pages 1034-1045.
    5. Li, Lihua & Ding, Ning & Ma, Yaping & Zhang, Hui & Jin, Hua, 2020. "Social Relation Network and group behavior based on evacuation experiments," Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications, Elsevier, vol. 545(C).
    6. Ren, Huan & Yan, Yuyue & Gao, Fengqiang, 2021. "Variable guiding strategies in multi-exits evacuation: Pursuing balanced pedestrian densities," Applied Mathematics and Computation, Elsevier, vol. 397(C).
    7. Liu, Qian, 2018. "A social force model for the crowd evacuation in a terrorist attack," Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications, Elsevier, vol. 502(C), pages 315-330.
    8. Delcea, Camelia & Cotfas, Liviu-Adrian, 2019. "Increasing awareness in classroom evacuation situations using agent-based modeling," Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications, Elsevier, vol. 523(C), pages 1400-1418.
    9. Liu, Qian, 2018. "The effect of dedicated exit on the evacuation of heterogeneous pedestrians," Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications, Elsevier, vol. 506(C), pages 305-323.
    10. Li, Xingli & Guo, Fang & Kuang, Hua & Zhou, Huaguo, 2017. "Effect of psychological tension on pedestrian counter flow via an extended cost potential field cellular automaton model," Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications, Elsevier, vol. 487(C), pages 47-57.
    11. Gao, Fengqiang & Yan, Yuyue & Chen, Zhihao & Zheng, Linxiao & Ren, Huan, 2022. "Effect of density control in partially observable asymmetric-exit evacuation under guidance: Strategic suggestion under time delay," Applied Mathematics and Computation, Elsevier, vol. 418(C).

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