An analysis of territorial cohesion in the Colombian context: The case of the municipalities of the Caldas Department

In the area of development, one of the defining characteristics of the Latin American and Caribbean Region is the persistent inequality that can be observed between many of its territories. This inequality is particularly evident in Colombia, a country that has been strongly affected both socially and politically by the internal armed conflict that was going on for over 50 years. Moreover, the effects of this conflict have increased territorial imbalances between departments and municipalities in the country. Therefore, in the postconflict context that Colombia finds itself in, it is relevant to pursue research that addresses the current challenges faced by its territories in terms of cohesion. Thus, this paper analyzes territorial cohesion in the municipalities that make up the Caldas Department, which possesses several characteristics that make it an ideal location for carrying out this type of analysis. To this end, a methodological proposal has been designed to allow for an empirical study, from a multidimensional and dynamic perspective, the measurement of territorial cohesion, and the identification of different factors associated with this process. The results obtained will be useful for the design and implementation of public policies aimed at achieving harmonious and balanced development of the concerned territories.