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Are climate risks encouraging cover crop adoption among farmers in the southern Wabash River Basin?

Author

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  • Yoder, Landon
  • Houser, Matthew
  • Bruce, Analena
  • Sullivan, Abigail
  • Farmer, James

Abstract

Cover crops represent a potential win-win opportunity to promote climate resilience by helping farmers adapt to climate risks while simultaneously mitigating multiple environmental impacts from agriculture. However, cover crop adoption rates are increasing slowly and cover less than 5% of U.S. croplands. In contrast, several Indiana counties in the southern Wabash River Basin have cover crops on more than 20 % of farmland. This qualitative study draws on 33 semi-structured interviews with farmers to understand whether climate risks are driving the above-average rates of adoption in this area. Our purposive sample of farmers was guided by whether they farmed flood-prone areas along the White and Wabash Rivers, thus making them especially sensitive to increasing flood risks from climate change. We found that while climate risks, particularly intensifying rainfall events, were a factor in some cases, most adoption was a longstanding effort to control wind-erosion on hilly areas with sandy soils. We also found that farmers experienced challenges with adoption following successful establishment of cover crops tied to climate-driven ecosystem responses. Greater spring precipitation delayed cash crop planting because of moisture retention and intensified pest pressures from increased habitat has caused replanting of cash crop seeds. Responses indicate that climate risks have mixed effects that may either discourage or encourage cover crop adoption depending on whether future outreach and policy interventions can help farmers overcome the adoption challenges they encounter.

Suggested Citation

  • Yoder, Landon & Houser, Matthew & Bruce, Analena & Sullivan, Abigail & Farmer, James, 2021. "Are climate risks encouraging cover crop adoption among farmers in the southern Wabash River Basin?," Land Use Policy, Elsevier, vol. 102(C).
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:lauspo:v:102:y:2021:i:c:s0264837720326065
    DOI: 10.1016/j.landusepol.2020.105268
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    Cited by:

    1. Yevheniia Varyvoda & Allison Thomson & Jasmine Bruno, 2025. "Factors Influencing the Adoption of Sustainable Agricultural Practices in the U.S.: A Social Science Literature Review," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 17(15), pages 1-18, July.
    2. repec:ags:aaea22:335586 is not listed on IDEAS
    3. repec:ags:aaea22:335819 is not listed on IDEAS
    4. Han, Guang & Niles, Meredith T., 2023. "An adoption spectrum for sustainable agriculture practices: A new framework applied to cover crop adoption," Agricultural Systems, Elsevier, vol. 212(C).
    5. Cheu, Sungmin & Gammans, Matthew, 2023. "The Effect of Ethanol Capacity on Cover Crop Use in the Midwest," 2023 Annual Meeting, July 23-25, Washington D.C. 335819, Agricultural and Applied Economics Association.
    6. Bruce, Analena B. & Farmer, James R. & Giroux, Stacey & Dickinson, Stephanie & Chen, Xiwei & Donnell, Michael O. & Benjamin, Tamara J., 2022. "Opportunities and barriers to certified organic grain production on rented farmland in the U.S. Midwest state of Indiana," Land Use Policy, Elsevier, vol. 122(C).
    7. Quigley, David T. & Che, Yuyuan & Yasar, Mahmut & Rejesus, Roderick M., 2023. "Cover Crop Adoption and Climate Risks: An Application of Causal Random Forests," 2023 Annual Meeting, July 23-25, Washington D.C. 335586, Agricultural and Applied Economics Association.
    8. Rajeev, Meenakshi & Nagendran, Pranav, 2023. "Protecting land and livelihood under climate risks: What hinders crop insurance adoption?," Land Use Policy, Elsevier, vol. 131(C).
    9. Sungmin Cheu & Matthew Gammans, 2025. "Cash crop demand and conservation practices: The effect of ethanol expansion on cover cropping," Applied Economic Perspectives and Policy, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 47(5), pages 1888-1917, December.

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