IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/eee/insuma/v79y2018icp82-91.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Distortion measures and homogeneous financial derivatives

Author

Listed:
  • Major, John A.

Abstract

This paper extends the evaluation and allocation of distortion risk measures to apply to arbitrary homogeneous operators (“financial derivatives,” e.g. reinsurance recovery) of primitive portfolio elements (e.g. line of business losses). Previous literature argues that the allocation of the portfolio measure to the financial derivative should take the usual special-case form of Aumann–Shapley, being a distortion-weighted “co-measure” expectation. This is taken here as the definition of the “distorted” measure of the derivative “with respect to” the underlying portfolio. Due to homogeneity, the subsequent allocation of the derivative’s value to the primitive elements of the portfolio again follows Aumann–Shapley, in the form of the exposure gradient of the distorted measure. However, the gradient in this case is seen to consist of two terms. The first is the familiar distorted expectation of the gradient of the financial derivative with respect to exposure to the element. The second term involves the conditional covariance of the financial derivative with the element. Sufficient conditions for this second term to vanish are provided. A method for estimating the second term in a simulation framework is proposed. Examples are provided.

Suggested Citation

  • Major, John A., 2018. "Distortion measures and homogeneous financial derivatives," Insurance: Mathematics and Economics, Elsevier, vol. 79(C), pages 82-91.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:insuma:v:79:y:2018:i:c:p:82-91
    DOI: 10.1016/j.insmatheco.2017.12.006
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0167668717303384
    Download Restriction: Full text for ScienceDirect subscribers only
    File URL: https://libkey.io/10.1016/j.insmatheco.2017.12.006?utm_source=ideas
    LibKey link: if access is restricted and if your library uses this service, LibKey will redirect you to where you can use your library subscription to access this item
    ---><---

    As the access to this document is restricted, you may want to search for a different version of it.

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Goovaerts, Marc J. & Laeven, Roger J.A., 2008. "Actuarial risk measures for financial derivative pricing," Insurance: Mathematics and Economics, Elsevier, vol. 42(2), pages 540-547, April.
    2. Wang, Shaun, 1996. "Premium Calculation by Transforming the Layer Premium Density," ASTIN Bulletin, Cambridge University Press, vol. 26(1), pages 71-92, May.
    3. Zaks, Yaniv & Tsanakas, Andreas, 2014. "Optimal capital allocation in a hierarchical corporate structure," Insurance: Mathematics and Economics, Elsevier, vol. 56(C), pages 48-55.
    4. Boonen, Tim J. & Tsanakas, Andreas & Wüthrich, Mario V., 2017. "Capital allocation for portfolios with non-linear risk aggregation," Insurance: Mathematics and Economics, Elsevier, vol. 72(C), pages 95-106.
    5. Acerbi, Carlo, 2002. "Spectral measures of risk: A coherent representation of subjective risk aversion," Journal of Banking & Finance, Elsevier, vol. 26(7), pages 1505-1518, July.
    6. Jan Dhaene & Andreas Tsanakas & Emiliano A. Valdez & Steven Vanduffel, 2012. "Optimal Capital Allocation Principles," Journal of Risk & Insurance, The American Risk and Insurance Association, vol. 79(1), pages 1-28, March.
    7. Goovaerts, Marc J. & Kaas, Rob & Dhaene, Jan & Tang, Qihe, 2003. "A Unified Approach to Generate Risk Measures," ASTIN Bulletin, Cambridge University Press, vol. 33(2), pages 173-191, November.
    8. Dirk Tasche, 2001. "Conditional Expectation as Quantile Derivative," Papers math/0104190, arXiv.org.
    9. Goovaerts, Marc J. & Kaas, Rob & Laeven, Roger J.A., 2010. "Decision principles derived from risk measures," Insurance: Mathematics and Economics, Elsevier, vol. 47(3), pages 294-302, December.
    10. Tsanakas, Andreas, 2004. "Dynamic capital allocation with distortion risk measures," Insurance: Mathematics and Economics, Elsevier, vol. 35(2), pages 223-243, October.
    11. Tsanakas, Andreas & Barnett, Christopher, 2003. "Risk capital allocation and cooperative pricing of insurance liabilities," Insurance: Mathematics and Economics, Elsevier, vol. 33(2), pages 239-254, October.
    12. Billera, Lj & Heath, Dc & Verrecchia, Re, 1981. "A Unique Procedure For Allocating Common Costs From A Production Process," Journal of Accounting Research, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 19(1), pages 185-196.
    13. Jean-Pierre Aubin, 1981. "Cooperative Fuzzy Games," Mathematics of Operations Research, INFORMS, vol. 6(1), pages 1-13, February.
    14. Laeven, Roger J. A. & Goovaerts, Marc J., 2004. "An optimization approach to the dynamic allocation of economic capital," Insurance: Mathematics and Economics, Elsevier, vol. 35(2), pages 299-319, October.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Citations

    Citations are extracted by the CitEc Project, subscribe to its RSS feed for this item.
    as


    Cited by:

    1. Pesenti, Silvana M. & Tsanakas, Andreas & Millossovich, Pietro, 2018. "Euler allocations in the presence of non-linear reinsurance: Comment on Major (2018)," Insurance: Mathematics and Economics, Elsevier, vol. 83(C), pages 29-31.
    2. Bauer, Daniel & Kamiya, Shinichi & Ping, Xiaohu & Zanjani, George, 2019. "Dynamic capital allocation with irreversible investments," Insurance: Mathematics and Economics, Elsevier, vol. 85(C), pages 138-152.
    3. Boonen, Tim J. & De Waegenaere, Anja & Norde, Henk, 2020. "A generalization of the Aumann–Shapley value for risk capital allocation problems," European Journal of Operational Research, Elsevier, vol. 282(1), pages 277-287.
    4. John A. Major & Stephen J. Mildenhall, 2020. "Pricing and Capital Allocation for Multiline Insurance Firms With Finite Assets in an Imperfect Market," Papers 2008.12427, arXiv.org.
    5. Akif Ince & Ilaria Peri & Silvana Pesenti, 2021. "Risk contributions of lambda quantiles," Papers 2106.14824, arXiv.org, revised Nov 2022.

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Boonen, Tim J. & De Waegenaere, Anja & Norde, Henk, 2020. "A generalization of the Aumann–Shapley value for risk capital allocation problems," European Journal of Operational Research, Elsevier, vol. 282(1), pages 277-287.
    2. Jilber Urbina & Miguel Santolino & Montserrat Guillen, 2021. "Covariance Principle for Capital Allocation: A Time-Varying Approach," Mathematics, MDPI, vol. 9(16), pages 1-13, August.
    3. Tsanakas, Andreas, 2009. "To split or not to split: Capital allocation with convex risk measures," Insurance: Mathematics and Economics, Elsevier, vol. 44(2), pages 268-277, April.
    4. Zaks, Yaniv & Tsanakas, Andreas, 2014. "Optimal capital allocation in a hierarchical corporate structure," Insurance: Mathematics and Economics, Elsevier, vol. 56(C), pages 48-55.
    5. Boonen, Tim J., 2017. "Risk Redistribution Games With Dual Utilities," ASTIN Bulletin, Cambridge University Press, vol. 47(1), pages 303-329, January.
    6. Jaume Belles-Sampera & Montserrat Guillen & Miguel Santolino, 2023. "Haircut Capital Allocation as the Solution of a Quadratic Optimisation Problem," Mathematics, MDPI, vol. 11(18), pages 1-17, September.
    7. Matthias Fischer & Thorsten Moser & Marius Pfeuffer, 2018. "A Discussion on Recent Risk Measures with Application to Credit Risk: Calculating Risk Contributions and Identifying Risk Concentrations," Risks, MDPI, vol. 6(4), pages 1-28, December.
    8. Furman, Edward & Zitikis, Ricardas, 2008. "Weighted risk capital allocations," Insurance: Mathematics and Economics, Elsevier, vol. 43(2), pages 263-269, October.
    9. Wang, Wei & Xu, Huifu & Ma, Tiejun, 2023. "Optimal scenario-dependent multivariate shortfall risk measure and its application in risk capital allocation," European Journal of Operational Research, Elsevier, vol. 306(1), pages 322-347.
    10. Pesenti, Silvana M. & Tsanakas, Andreas & Millossovich, Pietro, 2018. "Euler allocations in the presence of non-linear reinsurance: Comment on Major (2018)," Insurance: Mathematics and Economics, Elsevier, vol. 83(C), pages 29-31.
    11. Righi, Marcelo Brutti & Müller, Fernanda Maria & Moresco, Marlon Ruoso, 2020. "On a robust risk measurement approach for capital determination errors minimization," Insurance: Mathematics and Economics, Elsevier, vol. 95(C), pages 199-211.
    12. John A. Major & Stephen J. Mildenhall, 2020. "Pricing and Capital Allocation for Multiline Insurance Firms With Finite Assets in an Imperfect Market," Papers 2008.12427, arXiv.org.
    13. Boonen, T.J. & De Waegenaere, A.M.B. & Norde, H.W., 2012. "A Generalization of the Aumann-Shapley Value for Risk Capital Allocation Problems," Other publications TiSEM 2c502ef8-76f0-47f5-ab45-1, Tilburg University, School of Economics and Management.
    14. van Gulick, Gerwald & De Waegenaere, Anja & Norde, Henk, 2012. "Excess based allocation of risk capital," Insurance: Mathematics and Economics, Elsevier, vol. 50(1), pages 26-42.
    15. Marcelo Brutti Righi & Fernanda Maria Muller & Marlon Ruoso Moresco, 2017. "On a robust risk measurement approach for capital determination errors minimization," Papers 1707.09829, arXiv.org, revised Oct 2020.
    16. Tsanakas, Andreas, 2008. "Risk measurement in the presence of background risk," Insurance: Mathematics and Economics, Elsevier, vol. 42(2), pages 520-528, April.
    17. Boonen, Tim J. & Guillen, Montserrat & Santolino, Miguel, 2019. "Forecasting compositional risk allocations," Insurance: Mathematics and Economics, Elsevier, vol. 84(C), pages 79-86.
    18. Bauer, Daniel & Kamiya, Shinichi & Ping, Xiaohu & Zanjani, George, 2019. "Dynamic capital allocation with irreversible investments," Insurance: Mathematics and Economics, Elsevier, vol. 85(C), pages 138-152.
    19. Boonen, Tim J. & Tsanakas, Andreas & Wüthrich, Mario V., 2017. "Capital allocation for portfolios with non-linear risk aggregation," Insurance: Mathematics and Economics, Elsevier, vol. 72(C), pages 95-106.
    20. van Gulick, G. & De Waegenaere, A.M.B. & Norde, H.W., 2010. "Excess Based Allocation of Risk Capital," Other publications TiSEM f9231521-fea7-4524-8fea-8, Tilburg University, School of Economics and Management.

    More about this item

    Keywords

    Distortion measures; Financial derivatives; Capital allocation; Aumann–Shapley; Reinsurance;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • C71 - Mathematical and Quantitative Methods - - Game Theory and Bargaining Theory - - - Cooperative Games
    • D81 - Microeconomics - - Information, Knowledge, and Uncertainty - - - Criteria for Decision-Making under Risk and Uncertainty
    • G22 - Financial Economics - - Financial Institutions and Services - - - Insurance; Insurance Companies; Actuarial Studies

    Statistics

    Access and download statistics

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:eee:insuma:v:79:y:2018:i:c:p:82-91. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: Catherine Liu (email available below). General contact details of provider: http://www.elsevier.com/locate/inca/505554 .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.