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Control of anode supported SOFCs (solid oxide fuel cells): Part I. mathematical modeling and state estimation within one cell

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  • Amedi, Hamid Reza
  • Bazooyar, Bahamin
  • Pishvaie, Mahmoud Reza

Abstract

In this paper, a 3-dimensional mathematical model for one cell of an anode-supported SOFC (solid oxide fuel cells) is presented. The model is derived from the partial differential equations representing the conservation laws of ionic and electronic charges, mass, energy, and momentum. The model is implemented to fully characterize the steady state operation of the cell with countercurrent flow pattern of fuel and air. The model is also used for the comparison of countercurrent with concurrent flow patterns in terms of thermal stress (temperature distribution) and quality of operation (current density). Results reveal that the steady-state cell performance curve and output of simulations qualitatively match experimental data of the literature. Results also demonstrate that countercurrent flow pattern leads to an even distribution of temperature, more uniform current density along the cell and thus is more enduring and superior to the concurrent flow pattern. Afterward, the thorough 3-dimensional model is used for state estimation instead of a real cell. To estimate states, the model is simplified and changed to a 1-dimensional model along flow streams. This simplified model includes uncertainty (because of simplifying assumptions of the model), noise, and disturbance (because of measurements). The behaviors of extended and ensemble Kalman filter as an observer are evaluated in terms of estimating the states and filtering the noises. Results demonstrate that, like extended Kalman filter, ensemble Kalman filter properly estimates the states with 20 sets.

Suggested Citation

  • Amedi, Hamid Reza & Bazooyar, Bahamin & Pishvaie, Mahmoud Reza, 2015. "Control of anode supported SOFCs (solid oxide fuel cells): Part I. mathematical modeling and state estimation within one cell," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 90(P1), pages 605-621.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:energy:v:90:y:2015:i:p1:p:605-621
    DOI: 10.1016/j.energy.2015.07.095
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    2. Rashid, Kashif & Dong, Sang Keun & Mehran, Muhammad Taqi, 2017. "Numerical investigations to determine the optimal operating conditions for 1 kW-class flat-tubular solid oxide fuel cell stack," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 141(C), pages 673-691.
    3. Nerat, Marko, 2017. "Modeling and analysis of short-period transient response of a single, planar, anode supported, solid oxide fuel cell during load variations," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 138(C), pages 728-738.
    4. Dang, Zheng & Xu, Han, 2016. "Pore scale investigation of gaseous mixture flow in porous anode of solid oxide fuel cell," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 107(C), pages 295-304.
    5. Basetti, Vedik & Chandel, Ashwani K. & Chandel, Rajeevan, 2016. "Power system dynamic state estimation using prediction based evolutionary technique," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 107(C), pages 29-47.
    6. Barelli, L. & Bidini, G. & Ottaviano, A., 2016. "Solid oxide fuel cell modelling: Electrochemical performance and thermal management during load-following operation," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 115(P1), pages 107-119.
    7. Lee, Sanghyeok & Park, Mansoo & Kim, Hyoungchul & Yoon, Kyung Joong & Son, Ji-Won & Lee, Jong-Ho & Kim, Byung-Kook & Choi, Wonjoon & Hong, Jongsup, 2017. "Thermal conditions and heat transfer characteristics of high-temperature solid oxide fuel cells investigated by three-dimensional numerical simulations," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 120(C), pages 293-305.
    8. Li, Ang & Song, Ce & Lin, Zijing, 2017. "A multiphysics fully coupled modeling tool for the design and operation analysis of planar solid oxide fuel cell stacks," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 190(C), pages 1234-1244.
    9. Zhou, Juan & Liu, Qinglin & Zhang, Lan & Pan, Zehua & Chan, Siew Hwa, 2016. "Influence of pore former on electrochemical performance of fuel-electrode supported SOFCs manufactured by aqueous-based tape-casting," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 115(P1), pages 149-154.

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