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Quantifying the pitch-induced response of side-by-side horizontal-axis tidal stream turbines in wave-current interaction

Author

Listed:
  • Kong, Ming
  • Ji, Renwei
  • Sun, Ke
  • Zhang, Jianhua
  • Cheng, Yong
  • Wu, He
  • Zhang, Yuquan
  • Reabroy, Ratthakrit

Abstract

To explore the hydrodynamic and wake characteristics of pitch motion for side-by-side horizontal-axis tidal stream turbines (HATSTs) under wave-current interaction, this study establishes a three-dimensional computational fluid dynamics (CFD) numerical model of wave-current interaction and pitch motion based on the improved delayed detached eddy simulation (IDDES) model. The influences of wave period, wave height, and pitch amplitude on the hydrodynamic performance of turbines are systematically analyzed. The least squares method is used to fit the time history curves of hydrodynamic coefficients, decomposing the action laws of added mass force and damping force. The research shows that: 1) Under the combined effect of wave-current interaction and pitch motion, the turbines’ hydrodynamic coefficients (power coefficient, thrust coefficient) exhibit periodic fluctuations. Wave height significantly affects the fluctuation amplitude, whereas pitch amplitude has little effect on the mean value. 2) Lengthening the wave period intensifies the collision and fusion of wake vortices, with a marked expansion of the vorticity diffusion range. An increase in wave height causes wake fragmentation, leading to numerous small-scale vortex structures in the fusion region of tip vortices and hub vortices. The increase of pitch amplitude strengthens the wake twisting characteristics, accompanied by a corresponding rise in vorticity intensity in the tip region. 3) The established decoupling model of hydrodynamic load coefficients, fitted by the least squares method, is in high agreement with CFD calculation results. The added mass force exerts a more significant influence on hydrodynamic loads, and this influence generally strengthens with the increase of wave period, wave height, and pitch amplitude. The damping force has a negligible effect on the power coefficient but a significant effect on the thrust coefficient, and its role relatively weakens under conditions of high wave height or large pitch amplitude. The research results provide a reference for the motion response analysis and operation control of multi-unit floating turbines.

Suggested Citation

  • Kong, Ming & Ji, Renwei & Sun, Ke & Zhang, Jianhua & Cheng, Yong & Wu, He & Zhang, Yuquan & Reabroy, Ratthakrit, 2026. "Quantifying the pitch-induced response of side-by-side horizontal-axis tidal stream turbines in wave-current interaction," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 342(C).
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:energy:v:342:y:2026:i:c:s0360544225052922
    DOI: 10.1016/j.energy.2025.139650
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    References listed on IDEAS

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