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Renewable-powered smart grid for controlling power flow with the integration of advanced approach

Author

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  • Subba Rami Reddy, Chagam Reddy
  • Venkata Subba Reddy, Chagam Reddy
  • Ravindhar, Banothu
  • Nageswara Reddy, Gongala Reddy

Abstract

The increasing integration of Renewable Energy Sources (RES) into smart grids presents significant challenges in maintaining stability and cost-effective power management, as their intermittent nature, coupled with variable load demands, often leads to higher operational costs. To address these issues, this manuscript presents an intelligent HO-GKAN approach for the optimized power flow control in RES RES-based smart grid. The proposed approach combines Hippopotamus Optimization (HO) with Graph Kolmogorov-Arnold Networks (GKAN). The primary objective of proposed technique is to minimize operational cost, control power flow, and enhance overall performance of system. The HO is used to optimize the duty cycle of converter, while GKAN is employed to predict optimal power flow management of RES. The proposed method is assessed and compared to other existing methods using the MATLAB platform. The proposed approach determines better outcomes compared to existing approaches like Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO), Coral Reefs Optimization (CRO), and Harris Hawks Optimization (HHO). The results indicate that proposed method achieves a total operating cost of 260$, with faster convergence, and enhanced power flow control compared to existing methods. Hence, HO-GKAN framework demonstrates superior capability for intelligent, adaptive, and cost-efficient power flow management in renewable-powered smart grids.

Suggested Citation

  • Subba Rami Reddy, Chagam Reddy & Venkata Subba Reddy, Chagam Reddy & Ravindhar, Banothu & Nageswara Reddy, Gongala Reddy, 2026. "Renewable-powered smart grid for controlling power flow with the integration of advanced approach," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 342(C).
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:energy:v:342:y:2026:i:c:s0360544225051758
    DOI: 10.1016/j.energy.2025.139533
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Jagadeesh Kumar, M. & Sampradeepraj, T. & Sivajothi, E. & Singh, Gurkirpal, 2024. "An efficient hybrid technique for energy management system with renewable energy system and energy storage system in smart grid," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 306(C).
    2. Stefano Bifaretti & Vincenzo Bonaiuto & Sabino Pipolo & Cristina Terlizzi & Pericle Zanchetta & Francesco Gallinelli & Silvio Alessandroni, 2021. "Power Flow Management by Active Nodes: A Case Study in Real Operating Conditions," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(15), pages 1-16, July.
    3. Logeswaran, T. & Senthil Raja, M. & Beevi Sahul Hameed, Jennathu & Abdulrahim, Mahabuba, 2022. "Power flow management of hybrid system in smart grid requirements using ITSA-MOAT approach," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 319(C).
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