IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/eee/energy/v332y2025ics0360544225029469.html

Optimization algorithms for hybrid energy storage systems based microgrid performance enhancement

Author

Listed:
  • Abu, Sayem M.
  • Hannan, M.A.
  • Rahman, S.A.
  • Ker, Pin Jern
  • Long, Chua Yaw

Abstract

The research addresses critical challenges in microgrid reliability, stability, and energy management in microgrids through the optimization of a hybrid energy storage system (HESS). The system integrates photovoltaic modules with batteries, supercapacitors, and hydrogen-based fuel cells to enhance system performance. A proportional-integral controller optimized using particle swarm optimization (PSO) and backtracking search algorithm (BSA) to improve HESS performance. The optimized HESS reduces surplus photovoltaic power generation by 32.11 %, cuts grid power use by 2.21 %, improves system stability by 5.66 %, and maintains grid frequency within 0.03 Hz of the 50 Hz target. Battery state of charge increases by 51.65 %, extending lifespan. Compared to BSA, PSO achieves 3.33 % lower external grid reliance, 1.25 % better grid stability, and a 0.0546 higher fitness enhancement ratio, indicating superior convergence to optimal solutions. Dynamic performance analysis shows that PSO-optimized PI controllers reduce response time by 30.5 %, undershoot by 75.8 %, and steady-state error by 68.7 %, improving microgrid reliability. These advancements, driven by efficient utilization of HESS components, improve microgrid independence and resilience. The research highlights the critical role of PSO in optimizing resource utilization, contributing to sustainable energy systems for a greener future.

Suggested Citation

  • Abu, Sayem M. & Hannan, M.A. & Rahman, S.A. & Ker, Pin Jern & Long, Chua Yaw, 2025. "Optimization algorithms for hybrid energy storage systems based microgrid performance enhancement," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 332(C).
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:energy:v:332:y:2025:i:c:s0360544225029469
    DOI: 10.1016/j.energy.2025.137304
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0360544225029469
    Download Restriction: Full text for ScienceDirect subscribers only
    File URL: https://libkey.io/10.1016/j.energy.2025.137304?utm_source=ideas
    LibKey link: if access is restricted and if your library uses this service, LibKey will redirect you to where you can use your library subscription to access this item
    ---><---

    As the access to this document is restricted, you may want to

    for a different version of it.

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Zhou, Jianzhao & Chu, Yin Ting & Ren, Jingzheng & Shen, Weifeng & He, Chang, 2023. "Integrating machine learning and mathematical programming for efficient optimization of operating conditions in organic Rankine cycle (ORC) based combined systems," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 281(C).
    2. Jagadeesh Kumar, M. & Sampradeepraj, T. & Sivajothi, E. & Singh, Gurkirpal, 2024. "An efficient hybrid technique for energy management system with renewable energy system and energy storage system in smart grid," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 306(C).
    3. J. Jayaudhaya & K. Ramash Kumar & V. Tamil Selvi & N. Padmavathi & Zhiwen Chen, 2022. "Improved Performance Analysis of PV Array Model Using Flower Pollination Algorithm and Gray Wolf Optimization Algorithm," Mathematical Problems in Engineering, Hindawi, vol. 2022, pages 1-17, August.
    4. Zhou, Jing & Duan, Fei & Wang, Yi & Su, Sheng & Hu, Song & Xiang, Jun, 2024. "Dynamic assessment of 1000 MW ultra-supercritical coal-fired power flexibility retrofitting through lean- and rich-fuel integrated gas turbine," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 305(C).
    5. Grant, Elenya & Clark, Caitlyn E., 2024. "Hybrid power plants: An effective way of decreasing loss-of-load expectation," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 307(C).
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Citations

    Citations are extracted by the CitEc Project, subscribe to its RSS feed for this item.
    as


    Cited by:

    1. Lin, Yaoting & Zhou, Wei, 2026. "A stochastic cloud-driven clustering sizing method for a hybrid photovoltaic/battery energy system integrated with electric bus charge station: A case study for China," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 342(C).

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Subba Rami Reddy, Chagam Reddy & Venkata Subba Reddy, Chagam Reddy & Ravindhar, Banothu & Nageswara Reddy, Gongala Reddy, 2026. "Renewable-powered smart grid for controlling power flow with the integration of advanced approach," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 342(C).
    2. Zhou, Jianzhao & Liu, Chaoshuo & Ren, Jingzheng & He, Chang, 2024. "Targeting carbon-neutral waste reduction: Novel process design, modelling and optimization for converting medical waste into hydrogen," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 310(C).
    3. Théodore Desiré Tchokomani Moukam & Akira Sugawara & Yuancheng Li & Yakubu Bello, 2025. "An Evaluation of the Power System Stability for a Hybrid Power Plant Using Wind Speed and Cloud Distribution Forecasts," Energies, MDPI, vol. 18(6), pages 1-21, March.
    4. Jose, Naduvathezhath Nessariose & Rajesh Kumar, T. & Mustafa Nawaz, S.M. & Nithya, E., 2025. "Convergent approaches to smart energy management in grids enhancing grid stability and efficiency through integrated solutions," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 334(C).
    5. Lou, Juwei & Wang, Jiangfeng & Luo, Fang & Chen, Weidong & Chen, Liangqi & Islam, M.R. & Chua, K.J., 2025. "Enhanced performance evaluation and operational regulation of a novel combined cooling and power system using machine learning," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 333(C).
    6. Jonasson, Erik & Temiz, Irina, 2026. "Evaluating complementarity: A review of metrics and their implications for hybrid renewable energy systems," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 226(PD).
    7. Chen, Yunxiao & Liu, Jinfu & Yu, Daren, 2026. "Unveiling the connotation and significance of wind-solar complementarity from a novel perspective," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 259(C).
    8. Lu, Shengdong & Yang, Xinle & Bu, Shujuan & Li, Weikang & Yu, Ning & Wang, Xin & Dai, Wenzhi & Liu, Xunan, 2024. "Performance and parameter prediction of SCR–ORC system based on data–model fusion and twin data–driven," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 290(C).
    9. Forootan, Mohammad Mahdi & Ahmadi, Abolfazl, 2024. "Machine learning-based optimization and 4E analysis of renewable-based polygeneration system by integration of GT-SRC-ORC-SOFC-PEME-MED-RO using multi-objective grey wolf optimization algorithm and neural networks," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 200(C).
    10. Shree Om Bade & Hossein Salehfar & Olusegun Stanley Tomomewo & Johannes Van der Watt & Michael Mann, 2025. "Evaluating the Economic Feasibility of Utility-Scale Hybrid Power Plants Under Divergent Policy Environments: A Multi-Objective Approach," Energies, MDPI, vol. 18(17), pages 1-24, August.
    11. Lu, Pei & Chen, Kaihuang & Luo, Xianglong & Wu, Wei & Liang, Yingzong & Chen, Jianyong & Chen, Ying, 2024. "Experimental and simulation study on a zeotropic ORC system using R1234ze(E)/R245fa as working fluid," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 292(C).
    12. Lv, Xiaoyan & Li, Xingmei & Tan, Qinliang & Jia, Dongqing, 2025. "Electricity-carbon coupled markets-oriented co-optimization of retrofit and bidding strategies for coal-fired power plant," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 340(C).
    13. Shree Om Bade & Olusegun Stanley Tomomewo & Michael Mann & Johannes Van der Watt & Hossein Salehfar, 2025. "Optimal Sizing and Techno-Economic Evaluation of a Utility-Scale Wind–Solar–Battery Hybrid Plant Considering Weather Uncertainties, as Well as Policy and Economic Incentives, Using Multi-Objective Optimization," Energies, MDPI, vol. 18(13), pages 1-39, July.
    14. Gao, Xiangming & Ji, Xinliang & Wang, Rong & Yu, Jian, 2025. "The effect of artificial intelligence on energy transition: Evidence from China," Energy Economics, Elsevier, vol. 147(C).
    15. Wu, Chunlei & Wang, Chao & Hou, Zongyu & Wang, Zhe, 2025. "Flexible peak shaving in coal-fired power plants: A comprehensive review of current challenges, recent advances, and future perspectives," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 327(C).
    16. Xin Wang & Xia Chen & Chengda Xing & Xu Ping & Hongguang Zhang & Fubin Yang, 2024. "Performance Analysis and Rapid Optimization of Vehicle ORC Systems Based on Numerical Simulation and Machine Learning," Energies, MDPI, vol. 17(18), pages 1-24, September.
    17. Mu, Zhiguo & Lv, You & Fang, Fang & Liu, Jizhen, 2026. "Hierarchical fuzzy RL control strategy and economic evaluation for molten salt energy storage systems," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 405(C).
    18. Lina Wang & Chunyu Zhou & Hamid Reza Rahbari, 2023. "Optimizing Solar Energy Harvesting through Integrated Organic Rankine Cycle–Reverse Osmosis Systems: A Techno–Economic Analysis," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(18), pages 1-20, September.
    19. Chen, Yingya & Dai, Biting & Ren, Wei & Niu, Huimin & Chen, Zelin, 2025. "A comprehensive review of energy security in islanded regions: Challenges, strategies, and sustainable development pathways," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 220(C).
    20. Wu, Xialai & Lin, Ling & Xie, Lei & Chen, Junghui & Shan, Lu, 2024. "Fast robust optimization of ORC based on an artificial neural network for waste heat recovery," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 301(C).

    More about this item

    Keywords

    ;
    ;
    ;
    ;
    ;
    ;

    Statistics

    Access and download statistics

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:eee:energy:v:332:y:2025:i:c:s0360544225029469. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: Catherine Liu (email available below). General contact details of provider: http://www.journals.elsevier.com/energy .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.