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Power Flow Management by Active Nodes: A Case Study in Real Operating Conditions

Author

Listed:
  • Stefano Bifaretti

    (Department of Industrial Engineering, Tor Vergata University of Rome, 00133 Rome, Italy)

  • Vincenzo Bonaiuto

    (Department of Industrial Engineering, Tor Vergata University of Rome, 00133 Rome, Italy)

  • Sabino Pipolo

    (Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2RD, UK)

  • Cristina Terlizzi

    (Department of Industrial Engineering, Tor Vergata University of Rome, 00133 Rome, Italy)

  • Pericle Zanchetta

    (Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2RD, UK
    Department of Electrical, Computer and Biomedical Engineering, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy)

  • Francesco Gallinelli

    (Areti S.p.A., Distributor System Operator, 00154 Rome, Italy)

  • Silvio Alessandroni

    (Areti S.p.A., Distributor System Operator, 00154 Rome, Italy)

Abstract

The role of distributor system operators is experiencing a gradual but relevant change to include enhanced ancillary and energy dispatch services needed to manage the increased power provided by intermittent distributed generations in medium voltage networks. In this context, the paper proposes the insertion, in strategic points of the network, of specific power electronic systems, denoted as active nodes, which permit the remote controllability of the active and reactive power flow. Such capabilities, as a further benefit, enable the distributor system operators to provide ancillary network services without requiring any procurement with distributed generation systems owners. In particular, the paper highlights the benefits of active nodes, demonstrating their capabilities in reducing the inverse power flow issues from medium to high voltage lines focusing on a network cluster including renewable energy resources. As a further novelty, this study has accounted for a real cluster operated by the Italian distributor system operator Areti. A specific simulation model of the electrical lines has been implemented in DigSilent PowerFactory (DIgSILENT GmbH–Germany) software using real operating data obtained during a 1-year measurement campaign. A detailed cost-benefit analysis has been provided, accounting for different load flow scenarios. The results have demonstrated that the inclusion of active nodes can significantly reduce the drawbacks related to the reverse power flow.

Suggested Citation

  • Stefano Bifaretti & Vincenzo Bonaiuto & Sabino Pipolo & Cristina Terlizzi & Pericle Zanchetta & Francesco Gallinelli & Silvio Alessandroni, 2021. "Power Flow Management by Active Nodes: A Case Study in Real Operating Conditions," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(15), pages 1-16, July.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:14:y:2021:i:15:p:4519-:d:601959
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Panos Kotsampopoulos & Pavlos Georgilakis & Dimitris T. Lagos & Vasilis Kleftakis & Nikos Hatziargyriou, 2019. "FACTS Providing Grid Services: Applications and Testing," Energies, MDPI, vol. 12(13), pages 1-23, July.
    2. Fahad Alsokhiry & Grain Philip Adam, 2020. "Multi-Port DC-DC and DC-AC Converters for Large-Scale Integration of Renewable Power Generation," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 12(20), pages 1-21, October.
    3. Abdulrahman Alassi & Khaled Ahmed & Agustí Egea-Àlvarez & Omar Ellabban, 2021. "Innovative Energy Management System for MVDC Networks with Black-Start Capabilities," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(8), pages 1-21, April.
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    Cited by:

    1. Daniel Federico A. Medina-Gaitán & Ian Dwrley Rozo-Rodriguez & Oscar Danilo Montoya, 2022. "Optimal Phase-Balancing in Three-Phase Distribution Networks Considering Shunt Reactive Power Compensation with Fixed-Step Capacitor Banks," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(1), pages 1-22, December.
    2. Liang Bu & Song Han & Jinling Feng, 2021. "Short-Circuit Fault Analysis of the Sen Transformer Using Phase Coordinate Model," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(18), pages 1-19, September.
    3. Samuele Granata & Marco Di Benedetto & Cristina Terlizzi & Riccardo Leuzzi & Stefano Bifaretti & Pericle Zanchetta, 2022. "Power Electronics Converters for the Internet of Energy: A Review," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(7), pages 1-33, April.

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