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Impact of micro-combined heat-and-power systems on energy flows in the UK electricity supply industry

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  • Peacock, A.D.
  • Newborough, M.

Abstract

The effects of applying micro-CHP systems to a single dwelling, and to various dwellings within a group, are investigated by using gas and electricity consumption data recorded on a 1-min time base across a full year. Micro-CHP systems based on Stirling engines and fuel cells are predicted to supply 25–46% of the single dwelling's annual electricity demand. For all days of the year, the daily load factor of the resultant load placed on the electricity network is reduced, suggesting that the overall effect of micro-CHP systems will be to provide highly dispersed base-load generation. Consideration of various penetration levels of a 1kW Stirling engine micro-CHP system of 15% electrical efficiency indicates that the maximum reduction in the aggregate peak load for a single distribution transformer will be about 44% on a winter's day, but only 3% on a summer's day. An alternative implementation of 3kW fuel cell systems of 50% electrical efficiency would yield significant reductions (both in the peak load and the daily requirement for network electricity) at low penetration levels, with significant reverse flows occurring at the distribution transformer once the penetration level exceeds approximately 15% on a winter's day.

Suggested Citation

  • Peacock, A.D. & Newborough, M., 2006. "Impact of micro-combined heat-and-power systems on energy flows in the UK electricity supply industry," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 31(12), pages 1804-1818.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:energy:v:31:y:2006:i:12:p:1804-1818
    DOI: 10.1016/j.energy.2005.10.012
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    1. Hawkes, Adam & Leach, Matthew, 2005. "Impacts of temporal precision in optimisation modelling of micro-Combined Heat and Power," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 30(10), pages 1759-1779.
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    1. Hawkes, A.D. & Leach, M.A., 2008. "The capacity credit of micro-combined heat and power," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 36(4), pages 1457-1469, April.
    2. Vuillecard, Cyril & Hubert, Charles Emile & Contreau, Régis & mazzenga, Anthony & Stabat, Pascal & Adnot, Jerome, 2011. "Small scale impact of gas technologies on electric load management – μCHP & hybrid heat pump," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 36(5), pages 2912-2923.
    3. Lombardi, K. & Ugursal, V.I. & Beausoleil-Morrison, I., 2010. "Proposed improvements to a model for characterizing the electrical and thermal energy performance of Stirling engine micro-cogeneration devices based upon experimental observations," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 87(10), pages 3271-3282, October.
    4. Castellanos, J.G. & Walker, M. & Poggio, D. & Pourkashanian, M. & Nimmo, W., 2015. "Modelling an off-grid integrated renewable energy system for rural electrification in India using photovoltaics and anaerobic digestion," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 74(C), pages 390-398.
    5. Li, Jianwei & Wang, Xudong & Zhang, Zhenyu & Le Blond, Simon & Yang, Qingqing & Zhang, Min & Yuan, Weijia, 2017. "Analysis of a new design of the hybrid energy storage system used in the residential m-CHP systems," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 187(C), pages 169-179.
    6. Nolan, Sheila & Neu, Olivier & O’Malley, Mark, 2017. "Capacity value estimation of a load-shifting resource using a coupled building and power system model," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 192(C), pages 71-82.
    7. Wang, Yang & Zhou, Zhijun & Zhou, Junhu & Liu, Jianzhong & Wang, Zhihua & Cen, Kefa, 2011. "Micro Newcomen steam engine using two-phase working fluid," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 36(2), pages 917-921.
    8. Tapia-Ahumada, K. & Pérez-Arriaga, I.J. & Moniz, E.J., 2013. "A methodology for understanding the impacts of large-scale penetration of micro-combined heat and power," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 61(C), pages 496-512.
    9. Maghanki, Maryam Mohammadi & Ghobadian, Barat & Najafi, Gholamhassan & Galogah, Reza Janzadeh, 2013. "Micro combined heat and power (MCHP) technologies and applications," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 28(C), pages 510-524.
    10. Yuzhu Wang & Huanna Niu & Lu Yang & Weizhou Wang & Fuchao Liu, 2018. "An Optimization Method for Local Consumption of Photovoltaic Power in a Facility Agriculture Micro Energy Network," Energies, MDPI, vol. 11(6), pages 1-20, June.
    11. Haupt, Axel & Müller, Karsten, 2017. "Integration of a LOHC storage into a heat-controlled CHP system," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 118(C), pages 1123-1130.
    12. Karger, Cornelia R. & Hennings, Wilfried, 2009. "Sustainability evaluation of decentralized electricity generation," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 13(3), pages 583-593, April.
    13. González-Pino, I. & Pérez-Iribarren, E. & Campos-Celador, A. & Las-Heras-Casas, J. & Sala, J.M., 2015. "Influence of the regulation framework on the feasibility of a Stirling engine-based residential micro-CHP installation," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 84(C), pages 575-588.
    14. Guillermo Rey & Carlos Ulloa & Jose Luis Míguez & Elena Arce, 2016. "Development of an ICE-Based Micro-CHP System Based on a Stirling Engine; Methodology for a Comparative Study of its Performance and Sensitivity Analysis in Recreational Sailing Boats in Different Euro," Energies, MDPI, vol. 9(4), pages 1-14, March.
    15. Kopanos, Georgios M. & Georgiadis, Michael C. & Pistikopoulos, Efstratios N., 2013. "Energy production planning of a network of micro combined heat and power generators," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 102(C), pages 1522-1534.

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