Deep machine learning approaches for battery health monitoring

The performance and longevity of batteries can be measured through battery parameters, like: state of charge, state of health, and remaining useful life. Therefore, accurate estimation of these parameters is essential for developing efficient battery management systems. Recently, a variety of smart model-based and data-driven artificial neural network methods have been evolved for efficient management of battery systems. However, there is space for improving the accuracy and reliability of the proposed methods, particularly in the prediction and forecasting of battery performance metrics. In this study, a deep machine learning based forecasting technique has been proposed to better estimate the battery performance parameters. Available open source data-sets on three distinct battery technologies comprising of battery cycling profiles and environmental conditions, are adopted to construct and validate models for predicting battery health. A common data-set is developed by combining the open source data, which is later supplied as input to the predictive analytics and time series analysis. Encoders and decoders are employed for the extraction of important and relevant feature information from the data-set. Three different network model-based architectures are developed to predict the state of charge of Lithium-ion batteries. The proposed models are observed to accurately capture the dynamic behavior of the battery during discharge, which is confirmed by the analysis of the recorded voltage, current, and temperature data, and the precise estimation of state of charge. Furthermore, a novel forecasting method based on the time-series analysis is also introduced. Mean average error values less than 0.2% are observed when neural basis expansion analysis for interpretable time series architecture in conjunction with encoder–decoder-based feature extraction is employed.