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Impact of wind speed distribution and management strategy on hydrogen production from wind energy

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  • Liponi, Angelica
  • Frate, Guido Francesco
  • Baccioli, Andrea
  • Ferrari, Lorenzo
  • Desideri, Umberto

Abstract

Electrolytic hydrogen production using renewable sources can play a central role in global decarbonization. However, the direct coupling of electrolyzers with renewable energies can cause frequent shutdowns and high production fluctuations unless adopting electrical storage systems or using electricity from the grid that is generally not completely decarbonized. In this study, a system consisting of a wind turbine, short-term battery storage, and an alkaline electrolyzer was analyzed through annual simulations in MATLAB. A power management strategy sets the electrolyzer and battery operating conditions. Firstly, several battery and electrolyzer sizes were investigated for a given wind site for three scenarios (0%grid, 20%grid, and 100%grid) in which the grid guarantees the electrolyzer operation at a minimum load of 0%, 20%, and 100%, respectively. Secondly, the effect of the wind speed distribution on the system performance was investigated by comparing sixteen different wind sites in the 0%grid scenario. The battery presence always led to a LCOH increase. The 20%grid scenario represented a good compromise between the minimization of specific CO2 emissions, and the minimization of LCOH (that was always lower compared to the 0%grid scenario and the lowest without battery). The shape parameter of the fitted Weibull wind speed distribution did not affect the system. Instead, a greater scale parameter led to both greater hydrogen production and a lower LCOH.

Suggested Citation

  • Liponi, Angelica & Frate, Guido Francesco & Baccioli, Andrea & Ferrari, Lorenzo & Desideri, Umberto, 2022. "Impact of wind speed distribution and management strategy on hydrogen production from wind energy," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 256(C).
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:energy:v:256:y:2022:i:c:s0360544222015390
    DOI: 10.1016/j.energy.2022.124636
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Firtina-Ertis, Irem & Acar, Canan & Erturk, Ercan, 2020. "Optimal sizing design of an isolated stand-alone hybrid wind-hydrogen system for a zero-energy house," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 274(C).
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    5. Lins, Davi Ribeiro & Guedes, Kevin Santos & Pitombeira-Neto, Anselmo Ramalho & Rocha, Paulo Alexandre Costa & de Andrade, Carla Freitas, 2023. "Comparison of the performance of different wind speed distribution models applied to onshore and offshore wind speed data in the Northeast Brazil," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 278(PA).
    6. Raed Al-Rbaihat, 2025. "Sensitivity Analysis of a Hybrid PV-WT Hydrogen Production System via an Electrolyzer and Fuel Cell Using TRNSYS in Coastal Regions: A Case Study in Perth, Australia," Energies, MDPI, vol. 18(12), pages 1-32, June.
    7. Zhang, Zhiqing & Wang, Su & Pan, Mingzhang & Lv, Junshuai & Lu, Kai & Ye, Yanshuai & Tan, Dongli, 2024. "Utilization of hydrogen-diesel blends for the improvements of a dual-fuel engine based on the improved Taguchi methodology," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 292(C).
    8. Pignataro, Valeria & Liponi, Angelica & Bargiacchi, Eleonora & Ferrari, Lorenzo, 2024. "Dynamic model of a power-to-gas system: Role of hydrogen storage and management strategies," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 230(C).
    9. Leal, Jairon Isaias & Pitombeira-Neto, Anselmo Ramalho & Bueno, André Valente & Costa Rocha, Paulo Alexandre & de Andrade, Carla Freitas, 2025. "Probabilistic wind speed forecasting via Bayesian DLMs and its application in green hydrogen production," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 382(C).
    10. Nasser, Mohamed, 2025. "Biomass valorization in green hydrogen production, storage and transportation using low and high-temperature water electrolyzers: A thermo-economic approach," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 319(C).
    11. Yang, Zihao & Dong, Sheng, 2023. "A novel decomposition-based approach for non-stationary hub-height wind speed modelling," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 283(C).

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