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Experimental and numerical investigation of MILD combustion in a pilot-scale water heater

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  • Khabbazian, Ghasem
  • Aminian, Javad
  • Khoshkhoo, Ramin Haghighi

Abstract

In the present study the effects of air preheating and dilution on stabilizing MILD (Moderate or Intense Low-oxygen Dilution) combustion of natural gas in a 100 kW jacket type water heater are investigated experimentally. The effects of FGR (flue gas recirculation) and flame heat loss on the self-ignition and extinction temperatures are analyzed numerically using a non-adiabatic WSR (Well-Stirred Reactor) model in the CHEMKIN software. Experimental results showed that the mechanical-process retrofitting techniques were successful to reach positive characteristics of the flameless combustion; e.g. uniform temperature distribution, improved efficiency (>10% increase), and lower NO emission (̴ 13% decrease), without the need to replace the conventional burner with modern flameless type or retrofitting the structure of combustion chamber. Based on the simulation results, a new combustion regime map for practical conditions encountering heat loss is developed. The new T-FGR-heat loss regime map shows that as heat loss increases the quasi-MILD region expands, whereas the MILD and MILD-like regions shrink and beyond a specific heat loss the HTC (high temperature combustion) zone disappears. The method of numerical visualization of experimental conditions on the combustion regime map is a simple powerful numerical tool to design practical flameless systems or retrofitting conventional devices.

Suggested Citation

  • Khabbazian, Ghasem & Aminian, Javad & Khoshkhoo, Ramin Haghighi, 2022. "Experimental and numerical investigation of MILD combustion in a pilot-scale water heater," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 239(PA).
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:energy:v:239:y:2022:i:pa:s0360544221021368
    DOI: 10.1016/j.energy.2021.121888
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Shaker, Ahmad & Fordoei, E. Ebrahimi & Boyaghchi, Fateme Ahmadi, 2023. "Study of NO emission from CH4-air, oxygen-enriched, and oxy-CH4 combustion under HTC and MILD regimes: Impact of wall thermal condition in different oxidant temperature and dilution level," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 277(C).
    2. Hu, Fan & Xiong, Biao & Liu, Xuhui & Huang, Xiaohong & Li, Yu & Liu, Zhaohui, 2023. "Optimized TGA-based experimental method for studying intrinsic kinetics of coal char oxidation under moderate or intense low-oxygen dilution oxy-fuel conditions," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 265(C).

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