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Comparison between ORC and CO2 power systems for the exploitation of low-medium temperature heat sources

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  • Astolfi, Marco
  • Alfani, Dario
  • Lasala, Silvia
  • Macchi, Ennio

Abstract

Low-medium temperature heat sources in the range 5–50 MWth are made available by many industrial fields but they may also be of interest for biomass, geothermal and solar energy applications. ORC has been proposed in the last 20 years as a reliable solution for the exploitation of these energy sources since the alternative represented by steam cycles leads to an inefficient conversion of such small available thermal powers. However, the use of organic fluids involves a number of safety and environmental issues, either related to fluid flammability (for hydrocarbons) or to their high Global Warming Potential (for halogenated fluids), and of limitations to the achievable cycle maximum temperature, due to fluids thermal decomposition. To overcome these limitations, in recent years CO2-based transcritical and supercritical cycles have been proposed as a viable option for this kind of applications. The present work aims to present a comparison between four CO2 cycle configurations and four ORC layouts using a working fluid selected from 47 candidates. The final result is a set of performance maps that allow for an easy selection of the best solution for applications exploiting low-medium temperature heat sources.

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  • Astolfi, Marco & Alfani, Dario & Lasala, Silvia & Macchi, Ennio, 2018. "Comparison between ORC and CO2 power systems for the exploitation of low-medium temperature heat sources," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 161(C), pages 1250-1261.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:energy:v:161:y:2018:i:c:p:1250-1261
    DOI: 10.1016/j.energy.2018.07.099
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    3. Liang, Ying & Cai, Lei & Guan, Yanwen & Liu, Wenbin & Xiang, Yanlei & Li, Juan & He, Tianzhi, 2020. "Numerical study on an original oxy-fuel combustion power plant with efficient utilization of flue gas waste heat," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 193(C).
    4. Maria Alessandra Ancona & Michele Bianchi & Lisa Branchini & Andrea De Pascale & Francesco Melino & Antonio Peretto & Noemi Torricelli, 2021. "Systematic Comparison of ORC and s-CO 2 Combined Heat and Power Plants for Energy Harvesting in Industrial Gas Turbines," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(12), pages 1-22, June.
    5. Giovanni Manente & Mário Costa, 2020. "On the Conceptual Design of Novel Supercritical CO 2 Power Cycles for Waste Heat Recovery," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(2), pages 1-31, January.
    6. Lee, Inkyu & Tester, Jefferson William & You, Fengqi, 2019. "Systems analysis, design, and optimization of geothermal energy systems for power production and polygeneration: State-of-the-art and future challenges," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 109(C), pages 551-577.
    7. Liya Ren & Huaixin Wang, 2020. "Optimization and Comparison of Two Combined Cycles Consisting of CO 2 and Organic Trans-Critical Cycle for Waste Heat Recovery," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(3), pages 1-16, February.
    8. Cui, Guodong & Pei, Shufeng & Rui, Zhenhua & Dou, Bin & Ning, Fulong & Wang, Jiaqiang, 2021. "Whole process analysis of geothermal exploitation and power generation from a depleted high-temperature gas reservoir by recycling CO2," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 217(C).
    9. Li, Bo & Wang, Shun-sen, 2022. "Thermodynamic analysis and optimization of a hybrid cascade supercritical carbon dioxide cycle for waste heat recovery," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 259(C).
    10. Abubakr Ayub & Costante M. Invernizzi & Gioele Di Marcoberardino & Paolo Iora & Giampaolo Manzolini, 2020. "Carbon Dioxide Mixtures as Working Fluid for High-Temperature Heat Recovery: A Thermodynamic Comparison with Transcritical Organic Rankine Cycles," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(15), pages 1-18, August.
    11. Hui-Xing, Zhai & Wei, Dong & Lin, Shi & Qing-Song, An & Sui-Lin, Wang & Bao-Lin, An, 2022. "Theoretical selection criteria of organic Rankine cycle form for different heat sources," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 238(PC).

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