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Systematic Comparison of ORC and s-CO 2 Combined Heat and Power Plants for Energy Harvesting in Industrial Gas Turbines

Author

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  • Maria Alessandra Ancona

    (Department of Industrial Engineering—DIN, University of Bologna, Viale del Risorgimento 2, 240136 Bologna, Italy)

  • Michele Bianchi

    (Department of Industrial Engineering—DIN, University of Bologna, Viale del Risorgimento 2, 240136 Bologna, Italy)

  • Lisa Branchini

    (Department of Industrial Engineering—DIN, University of Bologna, Viale del Risorgimento 2, 240136 Bologna, Italy)

  • Andrea De Pascale

    (Department of Industrial Engineering—DIN, University of Bologna, Viale del Risorgimento 2, 240136 Bologna, Italy)

  • Francesco Melino

    (Department of Industrial Engineering—DIN, University of Bologna, Viale del Risorgimento 2, 240136 Bologna, Italy)

  • Antonio Peretto

    (Department of Industrial Engineering—DIN, University of Bologna, Viale del Risorgimento 2, 240136 Bologna, Italy)

  • Noemi Torricelli

    (Department of Industrial Engineering—DIN, University of Bologna, Viale del Risorgimento 2, 240136 Bologna, Italy)

Abstract

Gas turbine power plants are widely employed with constrained efficiency in the industrial field, where they often work under variable load conditions caused by variations in demand, leading to fluctuating exhaust gas temperatures. Suitable energy harvesting solutions can be identified in bottoming cycles, such as the conventional Organic Rankine Cycles (ORC) or the innovative supercritical CO 2 (s-CO 2 ) systems. This paper presents a detailed comparison of the potential of ORC and s-CO 2 as bottomers of industrial gas turbines in a Combined Heat and Power (CHP) configuration. Different gas turbine models, covering the typical industrial size range, are taken into account and both full- and part-load operations are considered. Performance, component dimensions, and operating costs are investigated, considering ORC and s-CO 2 systems specifics in line with the current state-of-the-art products, experience, and technological limits. Results of the study show that the s-CO 2 could be more appropriate for CHP applications. Both the electric and thermal efficiency of s-CO 2 bottoming cycle show higher values compared with ORC, also due to the fact that in the examined s-CO 2 solution, the cycle pressure ratio is not affected by the thermal user temperature. At part-load operation, the gas turbine regulation strategy affects the energy harvesting performance in a CHP arrangement. The estimated total plant investment cost results to be higher for the s-CO 2 , caused by the higher size of the heat recovery heat exchanger but also by the high specific investment cost still associated to this component. This point seems to make the s-CO 2 not profitable as the ORC solution for industrial gas turbine heat recovery applications. Nevertheless, a crucial parameter determining the feasibility of the investment is the prospective carbon tax application.

Suggested Citation

  • Maria Alessandra Ancona & Michele Bianchi & Lisa Branchini & Andrea De Pascale & Francesco Melino & Antonio Peretto & Noemi Torricelli, 2021. "Systematic Comparison of ORC and s-CO 2 Combined Heat and Power Plants for Energy Harvesting in Industrial Gas Turbines," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(12), pages 1-22, June.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:14:y:2021:i:12:p:3402-:d:571752
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Bonalumi, Davide & Giuffrida, Antonio & Sicali, Federico, 2022. "Techno-economic investigations of supercritical CO2-based partial heating cycle as bottoming system of a small gas turbine," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 252(C).
    2. Andrés Meana-Fernández & Juan M. González-Caballín & Roberto Martínez-Pérez & Francisco J. Rubio-Serrano & Antonio J. Gutiérrez-Trashorras, 2022. "Power Plant Cycles: Evolution towards More Sustainable and Environmentally Friendly Technologies," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(23), pages 1-27, November.
    3. Moradi, Ramin & Cioccolanti, Luca & Del Zotto, Luca & Renzi, Massimiliano, 2023. "Comparative sensitivity analysis of micro-scale gas turbine and supercritical CO2 systems with bottoming organic Rankine cycles fed by the biomass gasification for decentralized trigeneration," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 266(C).

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