IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/eee/energy/v143y2018icp950-960.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

On biodiesels from castor raw oil using catalytic pyrolysis

Author

Listed:
  • Abdelfattah, Mohammed Saleh Hamed
  • Abu-Elyazeed, Osayed Sayed Mohamed
  • Abd El mawla, Ebtsam
  • Abdelazeem, Marwa Ahmed

Abstract

In the present work, different types of castor biodiesels were synthesized by using slow pyrolysis process of raw castor oil in the presence of different types of catalysts. These catalysts as anhydrous sodium hydroxide (NaOH), alumina (Al2O3), sodium carbonate (Na2CO3), potassium hydroxide (KOH) and molecular sieve catalyst zeolite (ZMS-5) combined with anhydrous sodium hydroxide (ZMS-5 combined with NaOH) were used for yielding these biodiesels. So, the effects of variation of the catalyst type and its concentration on both yield of castor biodiesels and the pyrolysis temperature ranges were investigated. It was noticed that through the pyrolysis process, two grades of synthesized biodiesels were obtained in the presence of different types of catalysts. The first at the start of the pyrolysis was yellowish one, termed as Castor Biodiesel Number 1 (CBD1). And the second type was brownish biodiesel, called as Castor Biodiesel Number 2 (CBD2), while the rest was the black and heaviest, termed as bio-mazot. It was found that the highest total yields of biodiesels were obtained in the presence of 1% by volume of both NaOH and ZMS-5 combined with NaOH. Thus, four biodiesels were yielded and termed as CBD1h, CBD2h, CBD1hz, CBD2hz. And the different physical properties of these four biodiesels were measured according to American Society of Testing Material (ASTM). Also, the chemical compositions of these four biodiesels were determined by using Gas Chromatography Mass (GC-Ms) spectrum as well as the functional groups using Infra-Red (IR) spectrum. In addition, the performance of a single cylinder four stroke direct injection compression ignition engine fueled by two different blends as 5 and 10% by volume of CBDh and CBDhz with gas oil was measured. Thus, the main conclusion was derived from both physical and chemical investigations as well as engine performance that these synthesized biodiesels could be used as a good alternative of gas oil.

Suggested Citation

  • Abdelfattah, Mohammed Saleh Hamed & Abu-Elyazeed, Osayed Sayed Mohamed & Abd El mawla, Ebtsam & Abdelazeem, Marwa Ahmed, 2018. "On biodiesels from castor raw oil using catalytic pyrolysis," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 143(C), pages 950-960.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:energy:v:143:y:2018:i:c:p:950-960
    DOI: 10.1016/j.energy.2017.09.095
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0360544217316146
    Download Restriction: Full text for ScienceDirect subscribers only
    File URL: https://libkey.io/10.1016/j.energy.2017.09.095?utm_source=ideas
    LibKey link: if access is restricted and if your library uses this service, LibKey will redirect you to where you can use your library subscription to access this item
    ---><---

    As the access to this document is restricted, you may want to search for a different version of it.

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Rakopoulos, Dimitrios C. & Rakopoulos, Constantine D. & Giakoumis, Evangelos G. & Papagiannakis, Roussos G. & Kyritsis, Dimitrios C., 2014. "Influence of properties of various common bio-fuels on the combustion and emission characteristics of high-speed DI (direct injection) diesel engine: Vegetable oil, bio-diesel, ethanol, n-butanol, die," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 73(C), pages 354-366.
    2. da Silva César, Aldara & Otávio Batalha, Mário, 2010. "Biodiesel production from castor oil in Brazil: A difficult reality," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 38(8), pages 4031-4039, August.
    3. Atabani, A.E. & Silitonga, A.S. & Badruddin, Irfan Anjum & Mahlia, T.M.I. & Masjuki, H.H. & Mekhilef, S., 2012. "A comprehensive review on biodiesel as an alternative energy resource and its characteristics," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 16(4), pages 2070-2093.
    4. Selim, M.Y.E. & Radwan, M.S. & Elfeky, S.M.S., 2003. "Combustion of jojoba methyl ester in an indirect injection diesel engine," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 28(9), pages 1401-1420.
    5. Naik, S.N. & Goud, Vaibhav V. & Rout, Prasant K. & Dalai, Ajay K., 2010. "Production of first and second generation biofuels: A comprehensive review," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 14(2), pages 578-597, February.
    6. Canoira, Laureano & García Galeán, Juan & Alcántara, Ramón & Lapuerta, Magín & García-Contreras, Reyes, 2010. "Fatty acid methyl esters (FAMEs) from castor oil: Production process assessment and synergistic effects in its properties," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 35(1), pages 208-217.
    7. Conceição, Marta M. & Candeia, Roberlúcia A. & Silva, Fernando C. & Bezerra, Aline F. & Fernandes, Valter Jr. & Souza, Antonio G., 2007. "Thermoanalytical characterization of castor oil biodiesel," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 11(5), pages 964-975, June.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Citations

    Citations are extracted by the CitEc Project, subscribe to its RSS feed for this item.
    as


    Cited by:

    1. Kan, Xiang & Wei, Liping & Li, Xian & Li, Han & Zhou, Dezhi & Yang, Wenming & Wang, Chi-Hwa, 2020. "Effects of the three dual-fuel strategies on performance and emissions of a biodiesel engine," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 262(C).
    2. Xu, Lujiang & Chen, Shijia & Song, He & Liu, Yang & Shi, Chenchen & Lu, Qiang, 2020. "Comprehensively utilization of spent bleaching clay for producing high quality bio-fuel via fast pyrolysis process," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 190(C).
    3. Gad, M.S. & Abu-Elyazeed, O.S. & Mohamed, M.A. & Hashim, A.M., 2021. "Effect of oil blends derived from catalytic pyrolysis of waste cooking oil on diesel engine performance, emissions and combustion characteristics," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 223(C).
    4. Mohadesi, Majid & Aghel, Babak & Maleki, Mahmoud & Ansari, Ahmadreza, 2019. "Production of biodiesel from waste cooking oil using a homogeneous catalyst: Study of semi-industrial pilot of microreactor," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 136(C), pages 677-682.
    5. Mohamed Mohamed & Chee-Keong Tan & Ali Fouda & Mohammed Saber Gad & Osayed Abu-Elyazeed & Abdel-Fatah Hashem, 2020. "Diesel Engine Performance, Emissions and Combustion Characteristics of Biodiesel and Its Blends Derived from Catalytic Pyrolysis of Waste Cooking Oil," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(21), pages 1-13, October.
    6. Vikas Sharma & Abul Kalam Hossain & Ganesh Duraisamy & Murugan Vijay, 2021. "Transesterification of Pyrolysed Castor Seed Oil in the Presence of CaCu(OCH 3 ) 2 Catalyst," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(19), pages 1-14, September.

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Azad, A.K. & Rasul, M.G. & Khan, M.M.K. & Sharma, Subhash C. & Mofijur, M. & Bhuiya, M.M.K., 2016. "Prospects, feedstocks and challenges of biodiesel production from beauty leaf oil and castor oil: A nonedible oil sources in Australia," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 61(C), pages 302-318.
    2. Azad, A.K. & Rasul, M.G. & Khan, M.M.K. & Sharma, Subhash C. & Hazrat, M.A., 2015. "Prospect of biofuels as an alternative transport fuel in Australia," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 43(C), pages 331-351.
    3. Ko, Ja Kyong & Lee, Jae Hoon & Jung, Je Hyeong & Lee, Sun-Mi, 2020. "Recent advances and future directions in plant and yeast engineering to improve lignocellulosic biofuel production," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 134(C).
    4. Obed M. Ali & Rizalman Mamat & Gholamhassan Najafi & Talal Yusaf & Seyed Mohammad Safieddin Ardebili, 2015. "Optimization of Biodiesel-Diesel Blended Fuel Properties and Engine Performance with Ether Additive Using Statistical Analysis and Response Surface Methods," Energies, MDPI, vol. 8(12), pages 1-15, December.
    5. Hagos, Ftwi Y. & Ali, Obed M. & Mamat, Rizalman & Abdullah, Abdul A., 2017. "Effect of emulsification and blending on the oxygenation and substitution of diesel fuel for compression ignition engine," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 75(C), pages 1281-1294.
    6. Aldhaidhawi, Mohanad & Chiriac, Radu & Badescu, Viorel, 2017. "Ignition delay, combustion and emission characteristics of Diesel engine fueled with rapeseed biodiesel – A literature review," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 73(C), pages 178-186.
    7. Mardhiah, H. Haziratul & Ong, Hwai Chyuan & Masjuki, H.H. & Lim, Steven & Lee, H.V., 2017. "A review on latest developments and future prospects of heterogeneous catalyst in biodiesel production from non-edible oils," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 67(C), pages 1225-1236.
    8. Agarwal, Swati & Kumari, Sonu & Mudgal, Anurag & Khan, Suphiya, 2020. "Green synthesized nanoadditives in jojoba biodiesel-diesel blends: An improvement of engine performance and emission," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 147(P1), pages 1836-1844.
    9. Zhong, Wenjun & Tamilselvan, P. & Wang, Qian & He, Zhixia & Feng, Huan & Yu, Xiong, 2018. "Experimental study of spray characteristics of diesel/hydrogenated catalytic biodiesel blended fuels under inert and reacting conditions," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 153(C), pages 349-358.
    10. Carlos Luna & Enrique Sancho & Diego Luna & Verónica Caballero & Juan Calero & Alejandro Posadillo & Cristóbal Verdugo & Felipa M. Bautista & Antonio A. Romero, 2013. "Biofuel that Keeps Glycerol as Monoglyceride by 1,3-Selective Ethanolysis with Pig Pancreatic Lipase Covalently Immobilized on AlPO 4 Support," Energies, MDPI, vol. 6(8), pages 1-22, July.
    11. Kumar, Niraj & Varun, & Chauhan, Sant Ram, 2013. "Performance and emission characteristics of biodiesel from different origins: A review," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 21(C), pages 633-658.
    12. Yesilyurt, Murat Kadir & Cesur, Cüneyt & Aslan, Volkan & Yilbasi, Zeki, 2020. "The production of biodiesel from safflower (Carthamus tinctorius L.) oil as a potential feedstock and its usage in compression ignition engine: A comprehensive review," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 119(C).
    13. Rizwanul Fattah, I.M. & Masjuki, H.H. & Liaquat, A.M. & Ramli, Rahizar & Kalam, M.A. & Riazuddin, V.N., 2013. "Impact of various biodiesel fuels obtained from edible and non-edible oils on engine exhaust gas and noise emissions," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 18(C), pages 552-567.
    14. Vanzela, Edson & Nadaleti, Willian Cézar & Bariccatti, Reinaldo Aparecido & Cremonez, Paulo André & de Rossi, Eduardo & Filho, Paulo Belli & Andreazza, Robson & Quadro, Maurizio Silveira & de Souza, S, 2017. "Physicochemical properties of ethanol with the addition of biodiesel for use in Otto cycle internal combustion engines: Results and revision," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 74(C), pages 1181-1188.
    15. Teuku Meurah Indra Riayatsyah & Hwai Chyuan Ong & Wen Tong Chong & Lisa Aditya & Heri Hermansyah & Teuku Meurah Indra Mahlia, 2017. "Life Cycle Cost and Sensitivity Analysis of Reutealis trisperma as Non-Edible Feedstock for Future Biodiesel Production," Energies, MDPI, vol. 10(7), pages 1-21, June.
    16. Tamilselvan, P. & Nallusamy, N. & Rajkumar, S., 2017. "A comprehensive review on performance, combustion and emission characteristics of biodiesel fuelled diesel engines," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 79(C), pages 1134-1159.
    17. Vigneshwar, V. & Krishnan, S. Yogesh & Kishna, R. Susanth & Srinath, R. & Ashok, B. & Nanthagopal, K., 2019. "Comprehensive review of Calophyllum inophyllum as a feasible alternate energy for CI engine applications," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 115(C).
    18. Dias, J.M. & Araújo, J.M. & Costa, J.F. & Alvim-Ferraz, M.C.M. & Almeida, M.F., 2013. "Biodiesel production from raw castor oil," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 53(C), pages 58-66.
    19. Kaur, Ravneet & Gera, Poonam & Jha, Mithilesh Kumar & Bhaskar, Thallada, 2019. "Reaction parameters effect on hydrothermal liquefaction of castor (Ricinus Communis) residue for energy and valuable hydrocarbons recovery," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 141(C), pages 1026-1041.
    20. Mofijur, M. & Masjuki, H.H. & Kalam, M.A. & Atabani, A.E. & Shahabuddin, M. & Palash, S.M. & Hazrat, M.A., 2013. "Effect of biodiesel from various feedstocks on combustion characteristics, engine durability and materials compatibility: A review," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 28(C), pages 441-455.

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:eee:energy:v:143:y:2018:i:c:p:950-960. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: Catherine Liu (email available below). General contact details of provider: http://www.journals.elsevier.com/energy .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.